Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A law summarizes a series of related observations; a theory gives the underlying reasons for them.

Question 2

A sample of matter is observed to have a fixed shape and volume. Its particles are closely packed and only vibrate in place. Which state of matter is being described?

Accepted Answer

Solid

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

A glass of sweetened tea

Question 4

Which process is best for separating a mixture of sand and salt water?

Accepted Answer

Filtration

Question 5

Which of the following changes is a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Burning of propane gas: $$\mathrm{C_3H_8(g) + 5O_2(g) \rightarrow 3CO_2(g) + 4H_2O(g)}$$

Question 6

A student finds a ring with a mass of 4.53 g and a volume of 0.212 cm$$^3. $$What is the density of the ring, and is it likely to be platinum (density of platinum = 21.4 g/cm$$^3$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Density = \frac{4.53\ g}{0.212\ cm^3$} = 21.4\ g/cm^3$}$$; Yes, it is likely platinum.

Question 7

Which temperature scale does NOT allow for negative values?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Question 8

A sick child has a temperature of 40.00 $$^\circC. $$What is this temperature in Kelvin?

Accepted Answer

$$313.15\ \mathrm{K}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an intensive property?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 10

Which prefix multiplier is most appropriate for reporting a measurement of $$5.57 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ m?

Accepted Answer

micro

Question 11

A cube of metal has an edge length of 11.4 mm and a mass of 6.67 g. What is the density of the metal in g/cm$$^3$$? (1 cm = 10 mm)

Accepted Answer

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the energy transformation when a weight is dropped from a building and hits the ground?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, then to thermal energy.

Question 13

Which of the following is a physical property?

Accepted Answer

Melting point

Question 14

Which of the following diagrams best represents water molecules after boiling, given that the leftmost diagram represents liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Diagram (c)

Question 15

Which of the following is a compound?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$\mathrm{H_2O})$$

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a base SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Liter (L)

Question 17

A nickel dissolves in acid to form a blue-green solution. What type of change is this, and what property is demonstrated?

Accepted Answer

Chemical change; chemical property

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why gases are compressible while solids are not?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles are widely spaced, while solid particles are closely packed.

Introduction to Chemistry: Matter, Change, and Measurement

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