Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a physical and a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

A physical change does not alter the chemical composition of a substance, while a chemical change results in the formation of new substances.

Question 2

A sample of water is heated from 25 °C to 110 °C. Which phase changes will occur as the temperature increases?

Accepted Answer

Vaporization only

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Salt dissolved in water

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the law of conservation of mass is correct?

Accepted Answer

The total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in a chemical reaction.

Question 5

A 5.0 g sample of hydrogen reacts completely with 40.0 g of oxygen to form water. According to the law of conservation of mass, what is the mass of water produced?

Accepted Answer

$$45.0\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a chemical property of sodium metal?

Accepted Answer

It reacts vigorously with water to produce hydrogen gas.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the particles in a solid?

Accepted Answer

They are tightly packed and have fixed positions.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic property of metals?

Accepted Answer

Poor conductor of electricity

Question 9

A sample of copper metal reacts with yellow sulfur to produce 12.52 g of black copper sulfide. If 10.00 g of copper was used, what mass of sulfur reacted?

Accepted Answer

$$2.52\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why gases can be compressed but solids and liquids cannot?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles are far apart and have significant empty space between them.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Dissolving sugar in water

Question 12

Which of the following elements is a liquid nonmetal at room temperature ($$25\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Bromine

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the law of definite composition?

Accepted Answer

A compound always contains the same elements in the same proportion by mass.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for a molecule containing 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, 2 nitrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}N_2O$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a property of nonmetals?

Accepted Answer

Low melting point and dull appearance

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the energy changes when a boulder rolls down a hill?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the arrangement of elements in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number.

Question 18

Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Sand and water

Question 19

If a cylinder containing helium gas is cooled from $$25\ ^\circ\mathrm{C} to$$ $$-25\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$, what happens to the kinetic energy of the helium atoms?

Accepted Answer

The kinetic energy decreases.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the law of conservation of energy?

Accepted Answer

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.

Matter and Energy: States, Properties, and Changes

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