$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}}$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a cell to function properly?

Accepted Answer

A rigid cell wall to prevent all molecular movement

Question 2

Why is ATP considered the 'energy currency' of the cell?

Accepted Answer

It stores energy in its phosphate bonds that can be easily released and used for cellular work

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}}$

Question 4

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

Question 6

Which mnemonic helps remember the process of electron transfer in redox reactions?

Accepted Answer

OILRIG: Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain (of electrons)

Question 7

In glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$2$

Question 8

Which molecule is produced at the end of pyruvate oxidation and enters the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 9

What is the main purpose of the electron transport chain in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis

Question 10

Which process allows muscle cells to continue producing ATP during intense exercise when oxygen is limited?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE about fermentation?

Accepted Answer

It regenerates NAD$^+$ so glycolysis can continue in the absence of oxygen

Question 12

Which molecules are important electron carriers in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

NADH and FADH$_2$

Question 13

What is the fate of the carbon atoms from glucose during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They are released as CO$_2$

Question 14

Which stage of cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 15

What is the main function of ATP synthase?

Accepted Answer

To convert ADP and inorganic phosphate ($P_i$) into ATP using the energy from the proton gradient

Question 16

Which process is responsible for breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA for entry into the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Beta-oxidation

Question 17

In the absence of oxygen, which molecule can serve as a final electron acceptor in some bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Nitrate ($NO_3^-$)

Question 18

Which of the following best describes substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

The direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a substrate molecule

Question 19

Which cellular structure is primarily responsible for the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the regulation of cellular respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

High concentrations of ATP inhibit pathways that generate ATP

Metabolism and Cellular Respiration: Structure, Function, and Energy Flow in Cells

Study Guide - Practice Questions