Question 1

Which scientist is credited with developing the concept of atomic number as the basis for the periodic property of elements?

Accepted Answer

Henry Moseley

Question 2

What is the primary reason cations are smaller than their parent atoms?

Accepted Answer

The outermost electron is removed, reducing electron-electron repulsions.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the trend in first ionization energy ($I_1$) across a period in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

$I_1$ increases from left to right across a period.

Question 4

Which property is typically exothermic and negative for most elements, except for some exceptions?

Accepted Answer

Electron affinity

Question 5

In an isoelectronic series, which factor determines the smallest ionic radius?

Accepted Answer

The ion with the largest number of protons (highest nuclear charge)

Question 6

Which of the following statements about metals is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Most metals have high ionization energies.

Question 7

What type of compound is most likely formed when a metal reacts with a nonmetal?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compound

Question 8

Which group of elements is characterized by very large ionization energies and positive electron affinities?

Accepted Answer

Noble gases

Question 9

Why do alkali metals react so vigorously with water?

Accepted Answer

They have low ionization energies, making it easy to lose an electron.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why anions are larger than their parent atoms?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are added, increasing electron-electron repulsions.

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of nonmetal oxides?

Accepted Answer

They are acidic.

Question 12

Which element is a metalloid and is used as a semiconductor in computer chips?

Accepted Answer

Tellurium

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the electron configuration of alkali metals?

Accepted Answer

They have a single electron in their outermost s orbital.

Question 14

Which of the following reactions is an example of an exothermic reaction involving an alkali metal?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Na} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaOH} + \mathrm{H}_2$

Question 15

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a $2^-$ anion?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 16

What is the effect of increasing nuclear charge on the size of ions in an isoelectronic series?

Accepted Answer

Ionic size decreases.

Question 17

Which property is most responsible for the unreactivity of noble gases?

Accepted Answer

Very large ionization energy

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the chemistry of hydrogen compared to alkali metals?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen forms molecular compounds with nonmetals.

Question 19

Which group of elements is found only in compounds in nature and not in their elemental forms?

Accepted Answer

Alkali metals

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the periodic trend in electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

Electron affinity generally increases across a period, but there are exceptions.

Periodic Properties of the Elements – Chapter 7 Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions