Question 1

Does a precipitate form when $$0.10\ \mathrm{L} of$$ $$8.0 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$\ \mathrm{M}\ \mathrm{Pb(NO_3$)_2} is $$added to $$0.40\ \mathrm{L} of$$ $$5.0 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$\ \mathrm{M}\ \mathrm{Na_2SO_4}$$? (Assume $$K_{sp}$$ for $$\mathrm{$$PbSO_4$$} is$$ $$1.6 	imes 10$$^{-8}$$ at the relevant temperature.)

Accepted Answer

Yes, because the reaction quotient $$Q is $$greater than $$K_{sp}$$, so a precipitate will form.

Question 2

Which of the following salts will have increased solubility in an acidic solution due to its anion being the conjugate base of a weak acid?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$CaCO_3$$}$$

Question 3

A student adds $$\mathrm{$$BaF_2$$} to $$water and measures its solubility. Which change will increase the solubility of $$\mathrm{$$BaF_2$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the pH of the solution.

Question 4

Which of the following actions will increase the solubility of $$\mathrm{KCH_3COO} in $$water?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the pH.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{$$CaCO_3$$} is $$more soluble in acidic solution than in basic solution?

Accepted Answer

Acidic solution reacts with $$\mathrm{CO_3$^{2-}} to $$form $$\mathrm{H_2CO_3}$$, reducing $$\mathrm{CO_3$^{2-}}$$ and shifting equilibrium to dissolve more $$\mathrm{$$CaCO_3$$}.$$

Question 6

A solution is saturated with $$\mathrm{AgCl} at$$ $$25^\circ\mathrm{C}. $$What will happen to the solubility of $$\mathrm{AgCl} if$$ $$\mathrm{NaCl} is $$added to the solution?

Accepted Answer

The solubility of $$\mathrm{AgCl}$$ will decrease due to the common ion effect.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing pH on the solubility of $$\mathrm{Fe(OH)_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

Solubility decreases because the equilibrium shifts toward the solid.

Question 8

A chemist wants to dissolve more $$\mathrm{$$BaSO_4$$} in $$water. Which of the following would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the pH by adding a strong acid.

Question 9

Which of the following salts will NOT have its solubility affected by changes in pH?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaCl}$$

Question 10

A solution contains $$\mathrm{Ca$$^{2+}$$}$$ and $$\mathrm{F^-}$$ ions. If the pH is decreased, what happens to the solubility of $$\mathrm{$$CaF_2$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Solubility increases because $$\mathrm{F^-}$$ reacts with $$\mathrm{H^+} to $$form $$\mathrm{HF}.$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{$$BaF_2$$} is $$more soluble in acidic solution?

Accepted Answer

Acidic solution reacts with $$\mathrm{F^-} to $$form $$\mathrm{HF}$$, reducing $$\mathrm{F^-}$$ and shifting equilibrium to dissolve more $$\mathrm{$$BaF_2$$}.$$

Question 12

A solution is prepared by mixing $$0.20\ \mathrm{L} of$$ $$1.0 	imes 10$$^{-2}$$\ \mathrm{M}\ \mathrm{$$AgNO_3$$}$$ with $$0.30\ \mathrm{L} of$$ $$2.0 	imes 10$$^{-2}$$\ \mathrm{M}\ \mathrm{NaCl}. $$Will a precipitate of $$\mathrm{AgCl}$$ form? ($$K_{sp}$$ for $$\mathrm{AgCl} is$$ $$1.8 	imes 10$$^{-10}$$)

Accepted Answer

Yes, because the reaction quotient $$Q is $$greater than $$K_{sp}.$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the effect of adding $$\mathrm{Na_2SO_4} to a $$saturated solution of $$\mathrm{$$PbSO_4$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

The solubility of $$\mathrm{$$PbSO_4$$}$$ decreases due to the common ion effect.

Question 14

A solution contains $$\mathrm{Mg(OH)_2} at $$equilibrium. What will happen to the solubility of $$\mathrm{Mg(OH)_2} if $$the pH is decreased?

Accepted Answer

Solubility increases because $$\mathrm{OH^-} is $$neutralized by $$\mathrm{H^+}.$$

Predicting Precipitation: Mixing Pb(NO₃)₂ and Na₂SO₄ Solutions

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