Q: A student prepares 500 mL of a 0.25 M HNO$_3$ solution. How many moles of HNO$_3$ are present in the solution?

$0.25 \times 0.500 = 0.125$ moles

Q: A student needs to prepare 150.0 mL of 0.500 M HCl from a stock solution of 12.0 M HCl. What volume of stock solution is required?

$V_{stock} = \frac{0.500 \times 0.150}{12.0} = 0.00625$ L = 6.25 mL

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a solution in general chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, where the solute is dissolved in the solvent.

Question 2

A student prepares 500 mL of a 0.25 M HNO$_3$ solution. How many moles of HNO$_3$ are present in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$0.25 	imes 0.500 = 0.125$ moles

Question 3

Which of the following compounds is a strong electrolyte in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

NaCl

Question 4

What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 9.0 g of ammonium dichromate (NH$_4$)$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$ (molar mass = 252 g/mol) in enough water to make 500 mL of solution?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{9.0}{252} \div 0.500 = 0.071$ M

Question 5

Which of the following statements about strong acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

They ionize or dissociate virtually 100% in aqueous solution.

Question 6

A solution contains 6.00% (by mass) sodium bromide (NaBr). The density of the solution is 1.046 g/cm$^3$. What is the molarity of NaBr in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{6.00\,g}{102.9\,g/mol} \div 0.0957\,L = 0.61$ M

Question 7

Which of the following ions is always soluble in water according to the general solubility rules?

Accepted Answer

NO$_3^-$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a weak electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A substance that only partially ionizes in aqueous solution, such as acetic acid.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction between aqueous solutions of Na$_2$SO$_4$ and BaCl$_2$?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Ba^{2+} (aq) + SO_4^{2-} (aq) \rightarrow BaSO_4 (s)}$

Question 10

A student needs to prepare 150.0 mL of 0.500 M HCl from a stock solution of 12.0 M HCl. What volume of stock solution is required?

Accepted Answer

$V_{stock} = \frac{0.500 	imes 0.150}{12.0} = 0.00625$ L = 6.25 mL

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct definition of a Brønsted-Lowry acid?

Accepted Answer

A substance that donates a proton ($H^+$) in a chemical reaction.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct formula for potassium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

KOH

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

The ions dissociate and move freely, allowing them to carry electric current.

Question 14

Which of the following is a product of an acid-base reaction?

Accepted Answer

A salt and water

Question 15

A solution is prepared by diluting 25.0 mL of 2.00 M NaOH to a final volume of 100.0 mL. What is the final concentration?

Accepted Answer

$C_2 = \frac{2.00 	imes 25.0}{100.0} = 0.50$ M

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

CH$_3$COOH (acetic acid)

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of dissolution for a molecular solid like sucrose in water?

Accepted Answer

The sucrose molecules disperse in water, but no ions are formed.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct formula for the calculation of molarity?

Accepted Answer

$M = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{liters of solution}}$

Question 19

Which of the following ions would form a precipitate when mixed with a solution containing Cl$^-$ ions?

Accepted Answer

Ag$^+$

Solutions, Electrolytes, Acids, Bases, and Solubility in Aqueous Chemistry

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