Question 1

Which of the following best explains why sodium forms a $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ ion and chlorine forms a $$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$ ion when they react to form sodium chloride?

Accepted Answer

Sodium loses one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration, while chlorine gains one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration.

Question 2

Which formula represents the ionic compound formed between magnesium and nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Mg_3N_2}$$

Question 3

Which of the following statements about covalent compounds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Covalent compounds are formed by the sharing of electrons between nonmetal atoms.

Question 4

Which of the following molecules is polar?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 5

What is the correct Lewis structure for the polyatomic ion $$\mathrm{NO_3$^-}$$?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen with one double bond and two single bonds to oxygen atoms, with one oxygen carrying a negative charge.

Question 6

Which intermolecular force is the strongest among the following?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 7

A sample of gas at 1.00 atm and 300 K occupies 2.00 L. If the pressure is increased to 2.00 atm at constant temperature, what will be the new volume? (Use Boyle's Law: $$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2)$$

Accepted Answer

1.00 L

Question 8

Which statement best describes the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles are in constant, random motion and collisions between them are perfectly elastic.

Question 9

Which of the following compounds is most likely to have the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{H_2O}$$ has a bent molecular geometry?

Accepted Answer

The lone pairs on oxygen repel the bonding pairs, resulting in a bent shape.

Question 11

A gas occupies 3.00 L at 300 K. If the temperature is increased to 600 K at constant pressure, what is the new volume? (Use Charles's Law: $$\frac{V_1$}{T_1$} = \frac{V_2$}{T_2$})$$

Accepted Answer

6.00 L

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a non-polar covalent molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule in which electrons are shared equally between atoms.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for the compound formed between aluminum and sulfate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Al_2$(SO_4$)_3}$$

Question 14

Which of the following molecules has only dispersion (London) forces as its intermolecular force?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{O_2$}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the dominant intermolecular force in liquid ammonia ($$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 16

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with neon ($$\mathrm{Ne}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na^+}$$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about boiling points is correct?

Accepted Answer

Boiling point increases as the strength of intermolecular forces increases.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the geometry of $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Linear

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for the ionic compound formed between calcium and phosphate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca_3$(PO_4$)_2}$$

Question 20

A patient receives oxygen gas in a hospital at a pressure of 2.00 atm and a volume of 5.00 L. If the pressure is reduced to 1.00 atm at constant temperature, what will be the new volume? (Use Boyle's Law: $$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2)$$

Accepted Answer

10.0 L

Study Guide: Ionic & Covalent Compounds and Gas Laws

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