Q: Which of the following is the correct calculation for the number of neutrons in an atom?

$$\text{Number of neutrons} = \text{mass number} - \text{atomic number}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes an element?

Accepted Answer

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct chemical symbol for silver, and what is its origin?

Accepted Answer

Ag, from argentum

Question 3

A farmer applies a fertilizer containing potassium to crops. Which group and period does potassium belong to on the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Group 1A (1), Period 4

Question 4

Which of the following elements is a metalloid and is essential for the formation of tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Silicon (Si)

Question 5

Which of the following statements about mercury (Hg) is correct?

Accepted Answer

Mercury is a liquid metal at room temperature and can damage the brain and kidneys upon exposure.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of electrons in a sodium (Na) atom?

Accepted Answer

$$2,8,1$$

Question 7

A neutral atom of calcium has an atomic number of 20 and a mass number of 40. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

20 protons, 20 neutrons, 20 electrons

Question 8

Which of the following is true regarding isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 9

Which element is most likely to be found as a shiny, ductile solid that conducts electricity well?

Accepted Answer

Gold (Au)

Question 10

A sample contains two isotopes of lithium: $$^6_3\mathrm{Li}$$ and $$^7_3\mathrm{Li}. If $$the atomic mass of lithium is 6.941, which isotope is more abundant?

Accepted Answer

$$^7_3\mathrm{Li}$$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the structure of the atom is correct?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus, while electrons occupy the space around the nucleus.

Question 12

Which group on the periodic table contains the noble gases?

Accepted Answer

Group 8A (18)

Question 13

A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in iron. Which of the following best describes iron’s classification on the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Iron is a transition metal in the center of the periodic table.

Question 14

Which of the following energy changes occurs when an electron moves from $$n=2 to$$ $$n=4 in an $$atom?

Accepted Answer

Energy is absorbed.

Question 15

A neutral atom has 14 protons and 20 neutrons. What is its atomic number, mass number, and element symbol?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 14, Mass number: 34, Symbol: Si

Question 16

Which of the following elements is a halogen?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine (Cl)

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct calculation for the number of neutrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Number of neutrons} = 	ext{mass number} - 	ext{atomic number}$$

Question 18

Which of the following elements is a nonmetal that is essential for the production of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Iodine (I)

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the trend in atomic mass across the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Atomic mass increases from left to right across a period.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct electron arrangement for chlorine (Cl)?

Accepted Answer

$$2,8,7$$

Atoms and Elements: Structure, Properties, and the Periodic Table

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards