Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes an element?

Accepted Answer

An element is a pure substance from which all other things are built and cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct chemical symbol for the element magnesium?

Accepted Answer

Mg

Question 3

Which element is located in Group 2A and Period 3 of the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a metalloid?

Accepted Answer

A metalloid exhibits some properties of metals and some of nonmetals, and is a better conductor than nonmetals but not as good as metals.

Question 5

According to Dalton’s Atomic Theory, which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of an element are identical and have the same properties.

Question 6

Which experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus in the atom?

Accepted Answer

Rutherford’s gold foil experiment

Question 7

What is the charge and approximate mass (in amu) of a neutron?

Accepted Answer

Charge: 0, Mass: 1.008 amu

Question 8

A neutral atom of zinc (Zn) has an atomic number of 30. How many protons and electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

30 protons and 30 electrons

Question 9

An isotope of carbon is represented as $$\$$displaystyle ^{14}$$_{6}\mathrm{C}. $$How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 10

Which of the following transitions involves the absorption of energy by an electron?

Accepted Answer

An electron moves from $$n=1 to$$ $$n=3$$

Question 11

Which element has the largest atomic size among the following?

Accepted Answer

Li

Question 12

Which element in the pair has the higher ionization energy: sulfur (S) or silicon (Si)?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur (S)

Question 13

Which of the following elements is most likely to lose electrons easily (has the most metallic character)?

Accepted Answer

Potassium (K)

Question 14

How many valence electrons does an atom of argon (Ar) have?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why atomic size decreases across a period from left to right?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons increases, pulling electrons closer to the nucleus.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for sodium (Na)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^1$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world application of electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

Using a microwave oven to heat food

Question 18

Which of the following elements is a nonmetal?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur (S)

Question 19

What is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom of $$^{207}_{82}\mathrm{Pb}$$?

Accepted Answer

207

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between wavelength and energy in the electromagnetic spectrum?

Accepted Answer

As wavelength increases, energy decreases.

Atoms and Elements: Structure, Properties, and Periodicity

Study Guide - Practice Questions