Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between an aldose and a ketose monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

An aldose contains a carbonyl group on the first carbon, while a ketose contains a carbonyl group on the second carbon.

Question 2

Which of the following Fischer projections represents a D-isomer of a hexose?

Accepted Answer

The hydroxyl group on the last chiral carbon is on the right.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct product when D-galactose is oxidized?

Accepted Answer

D-galactoic acid

Question 4

Which combination of monosaccharides forms the disaccharide lactose?

Accepted Answer

Galactose and glucose

Question 5

What is the result of a positive Benedict’s test for a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

The solution turns orange/red as copper ions are reduced.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the glycosidic bond in maltose?

Accepted Answer

$$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$

Question 7

Which of the following polysaccharides is composed of straight chains of $$\alpha-D-$$glucose with $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Amylose

Question 8

Which functional group is present in all carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

$$-COOH$$

Question 9

What are the products when an ester undergoes base hydrolysis (saponification)?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylate salt and alcohol

Question 10

Which of the following statements about mutarotation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the interconversion between $$\alpha$$ and $$\beta$$ anomers in solution.

Question 11

Which of the following functional groups is basic and can react with acids to form salts?

Accepted Answer

Amine

Question 12

Which of the following is a non-reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Fructose

Question 13

What is the product when an amide undergoes acid hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid and ammonium salt

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of esterification?

Accepted Answer

A carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester and water.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC suffix for naming an amide?

Accepted Answer

-amide

Question 16

Which of the following statements about cellulose is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of glucose units with $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ bonds.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct product when a monosaccharide is reduced?

Accepted Answer

Sugar alcohol

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between amylopectin and glycogen?

Accepted Answer

Amylopectin is branched with less frequent $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 6)$$ bonds than glycogen.

Question 19

Which of the following is a property of esters?

Accepted Answer

They are formed by the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

Question 20

Which prefix is used for a three-carbon alkane in IUPAC nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

prop-

Carbohydrates and Functional Groups: Study Guide for GOB Chemistry (Ch. 13-14)

Study Guide - Practice Questions