Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids contain only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds.

Question 2

Which of the following is a disaccharide formed from glucose and fructose?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with hypoglycemia. Which of the following best describes their blood glucose level?

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose is abnormally low.

Question 4

Which of the following is a major function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It increases membrane fluidity and stability.

Question 5

Which of the following correctly matches the carbohydrate with its description?

Accepted Answer

Amylose: unbranched polymer of glucose found in plants

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct formula for the hydrolysis of maltose?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} + H_2O \rightarrow 2C_6H_{12}O_6}$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have both hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct description of the structure of a glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A glycerol backbone with two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached.

Question 9

Which of the following reactions is responsible for the formation of soap from triglycerides?

Accepted Answer

Saponification

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why unsaturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

They contain double bonds that create kinks, preventing tight packing.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about lipoproteins?

Accepted Answer

Lipoproteins transport lipids in the blood.

Question 12

Which of the following bonds is found in the branching points of glycogen?

Accepted Answer

$\alpha$-1,6 glycosidic bond

Question 13

A patient has high levels of LDL cholesterol. What is the most likely health risk associated with this condition?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of arterial plaques and cardiovascular disease

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of cellulose?

Accepted Answer

An unbranched polymer of glucose with $\beta$-1,4 bonds

Question 15

Which of the following is a steroid hormone derived from cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the physical properties of glycerol?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol is a polar, viscous liquid that is soluble in water.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of amylose in plants?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage as a component of starch

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct charge on the phosphate group in a phospholipid at physiological pH?

Accepted Answer

$-1$

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The membrane is a dynamic structure with proteins and lipids able to move laterally.

Question 20

Which of the following reactions occurs when a fatty acid reacts with a strong base?

Accepted Answer

Saponification

Carbohydrates and Lipids: Structures, Properties, and Biological Functions

Study Guide - Practice Questions