$$2.5 \div 0.75 = 3.33$$ servings; $$3.33 \times 1 = 3.33 g $$fat; $$3.33 \times 9 = 30$$ kcal

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$(aq) + 6O_2(g) \rightarrow 6CO_2(g) + 6H_2O(l) + \text{energy}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between kinetic and potential energy in the context of chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, while potential energy is stored in the position or chemical composition of substances.

Question 2

How many kilojoules of energy are provided by 5 grams of fat, based on the typical energy values for food types?

Accepted Answer

$$5 	imes 38 = 190 kJ$$

Question 3

A bowl of Cookie Crisp contains 2.5 cups, with each serving (3/4 cup) containing 1g of fat. How many kilocalories from fat does Jimmy John ingest?

Accepted Answer

$$2.5 \div 0.75 = 3.33$$ servings; $$3.33 	imes 1 = 3.33 g $$fat; $$3.33 	imes 9 = 30$$ kcal

Question 4

Which of the following statements about exothermic and endothermic reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Exothermic reactions release heat as a product.

Question 5

What is the energy content (in kcal) from the protein in one cup of spinach if there are 0.90 grams of protein per cup?

Accepted Answer

$$0.90 	imes 4 = 3.6$$ kcal

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a spontaneous chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction with a negative $$\Delta G$$ value that does not require energy input.

Question 7

A reaction has $$\Delta G = +50 kJ. $$Which statement is true about this reaction?

Accepted Answer

The reaction is nonspontaneous and requires energy input.

Question 8

Which of the following factors will NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the amount of reactant.

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the combustion of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$(aq) + 6O_2(g) ightarrow 6CO_2(g) + 6H_2O(l) + 	ext{energy}}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A catalyst increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy.

Question 11

According to Markovnikov’s rule, when water adds to an alkene, where does the OH group attach?

Accepted Answer

To the carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction where the energy of products is less than the energy of reactants.

Question 13

How much energy (in kcal) is provided by 4.5 grams of carbohydrates in 5 strawberries?

Accepted Answer

$$4.5 	imes 4 = 18$$ kcal

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a combustion reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction where a molecule reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the nutritional Calorie (Cal)?

Accepted Answer

1 Cal = 1000 cal

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the combustion of an alkane?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Alkane + O_2$(g) ightarrow CO_2$(g) + H_2O(g) + 	ext{energy}}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes hydrogenation of an alkene?

Accepted Answer

Addition of hydrogen to an alkene to form an alkane.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the free energy change ($$\Delta G) in a $$chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G is $$the difference in energy between the reactants and the products.

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Thermodynamics, and Reaction Types

Study Guide - Practice Questions