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Comprehensive Review of Organic and Biological Chemistry (Chapters 11–17)

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Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Alkanes

Naming Alcohols

Naming Alcohols

Naming Thiols

Naming Ketones

Naming Aldehydes

Intro to Carbohydrates

Classification of Carbohydrates

Fischer Projections

Intro to Haworth Projections

Glycosidic Linkage

Disaccharides

Polysaccharides

Naming Carboxylic Acids

Naming Esters

Ester Reactions: Esterification

Ester Reactions: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis

Ester Reactions: Saponification

Classifying Amines

Naming Amines

Naming Amides

Amide Formation

Amide Hydrolysis

Intro to Lipids

Fatty Acids

Physical Properties of Fatty Acids

Waxes

Triacylglycerols

Triacylglycerol Reactions: Hydrogenation

Triacylglycerol Reactions: Hydrolysis

Glycerophospholipids

Sphingomyelins

Steroids

Cell Membranes

Membrane Transport

Intro to Amino Acids

Amino Acid Classifications

Primary Protein Structure

Secondary Protein Structure

Tertiary Protein Structure

Quaternary Protein Structure

Protein Denaturation

Intro to Enzymes

Enzyme Classification

Enzyme-Substrate Complex

Models of Enzyme Action

Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity

Enzyme Inhibition

Enzyme Regulation: Allosteric Control

Enzyme Regulation: Feedback Control

Enzyme Regulation: Covalent Modification

Intro to Nucleic Acids

Nitrogenous Bases

Nucleoside and Nucleotide Formation

Naming Nucleosides and Nucleotides

Phosphodiester Bond Formation

Primary Structure of Nucleic Acids

Base Pairing

DNA Double Helix

Intro to DNA Replication

Steps of DNA Replication

Types of RNA

Overview of Protein Synthesis

Transcription: mRNA Synthesis

Processing of pre-mRNA

The Genetic Code

Introduction to Translation

Translation: Protein Synthesis