Q: A pharmacy technician is preparing a solution containing magnesium chloride. What is the correct formula for magnesium chloride, and why?

The formula is $$\text{MgCl}_2$$ because magnesium forms a $$2+$$ ion and chlorine forms a $$1-$$ ion, requiring two chloride ions to balance the charge.

Q: Which of the following bonds is most likely to be ionic based on electronegativity differences?

$$\text{Cl} - \text{K} ($$difference = 2.2)

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the formation of an ionic bond between sodium and chlorine?

Accepted Answer

Sodium loses one electron to chlorine, resulting in the formation of $$	ext{Na}^+$$ and $$	ext{Cl}^-$$ ions that are held together by electrostatic attraction.

Question 2

A pharmacy technician is preparing a solution containing magnesium chloride. What is the correct formula for magnesium chloride, and why?

Accepted Answer

The formula is $$	ext{MgCl}_2$$ because magnesium forms a $$2+$$ ion and chlorine forms a $$1-$$ ion, requiring two chloride ions to balance the charge.

Question 3

Which of the following ions is the principal cation inside the cell and is essential for regulation of body fluids and cellular functions?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{K}^+$$

Question 4

A patient is prescribed potassium iodide to prevent iodine deficiency. What is the correct formula for potassium iodide?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{KI}$$

Question 5

Which of the following compounds is molecular, not ionic?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{CO}_2$$

Question 6

What is the correct name for the compound $$	ext{Al}_2	ext{O}_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum oxide

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from metals to nonmetals, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between nonmetals.

Question 8

A compound contains the polyatomic ion sulfate. Which of the following is the correct formula for calcium sulfate?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{CaSO}_4$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about electronegativity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity increases from the bottom to the top of the periodic table.

Question 10

A molecule of water ($$	ext{H}_2	ext{O}) $$has two bonds and two lone pairs on the central atom. According to VSEPR theory, what is the shape of the molecule?

Accepted Answer

Bent

Question 11

Which of the following bonds is most likely to be ionic based on electronegativity differences?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Cl} - 	ext{K} ($$difference = 2.2)

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct formula for aluminum bicarbonate?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Al(HCO}_3)_3$$

Question 13

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar, despite having polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{CO}_2$$

Question 14

What is the main type of attractive force present in liquid bromine ($$	ext{Br}_2$$)?

Accepted Answer

Dispersion forces

Question 15

A compound is named dinitrogen trioxide. What is its correct formula?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{N}_2	ext{O}_3$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a polyatomic ion with a positive charge?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{NH}_4^+$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

They contain strong electrostatic attractions between positive and negative ions.

Question 18

What is the correct name for the compound $$	ext{MgSO}_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium sulfate

Question 19

Which of the following molecules has a trigonal pyramidal shape according to VSEPR theory?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{NH}_3$$

Ionic and Molecular Compounds: Structure, Naming, and Properties

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