Q: Convert 25.0 inches to centimeters using the conversion factor $$1\ \mathrm{in.} = 2.54\ \mathrm{cm}.$$

$$25.0\ \mathrm{in.} \times \dfrac{2.54\ \mathrm{cm}}{1\ \mathrm{in.}} = 63.5\ \mathrm{cm}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between chemistry and other scientific disciplines, as shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Chemistry is the central science, providing foundational knowledge for many other disciplines such as biology, medicine, and environmental science.

Question 2

A scientist observes that a metal rusts when exposed to air. She proposes that oxygen in the air reacts with the metal to form rust. According to the scientific method, what is her proposal called?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of the macroscopic domain in chemistry?

Accepted Answer

Observing an iceberg floating in the ocean

Question 4

Which statement correctly describes the difference between mass and weight?

Accepted Answer

Mass is constant regardless of location, but weight changes with gravity.

Question 5

A sample of matter has a fixed shape and volume. Which state of matter does it represent?

Accepted Answer

Solid

Question 6

Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Salad with lettuce, tomatoes, and cucumbers

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?

Accepted Answer

Flammability

Question 8

Which of the following is an extensive property?

Accepted Answer

Mass

Question 9

A student measures the mass of a sample three times and gets values very close to each other, but far from the accepted value. How would you describe these measurements?

Accepted Answer

Precise but not accurate

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct SI base unit for temperature?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin (K)

Question 11

Convert 25.0 inches to centimeters using the conversion factor $$1\ \mathrm{in.} = 2.54\ \mathrm{cm}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$25.0\ \mathrm{in.} 	imes \dfrac{2.54\ \mathrm{cm}}{1\ \mathrm{in.}} = 63.5\ \mathrm{cm}$$

Question 12

Which of the following numbers has three significant figures?

Accepted Answer

0.00820

Question 13

A graduated cylinder contains 21.6 mL of water. Which digit is estimated in this measurement?

Accepted Answer

6

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the law of conservation of matter?

Accepted Answer

The total quantity of matter remains constant during physical and chemical changes.

Question 15

Which of the following is a derived SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Cubic meter ($$\mathrm{m^3$})$$

Question 16

A sample of gold has a mass of 96.5 g and a volume of 5.00 cm$$^3. $$What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$\dfrac{96.5\ \mathrm{g}}{5.00\ \mathrm{cm}^3} = 19.3\ \mathrm{g/cm}^3$$

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Melting butter

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a compound?

Accepted Answer

A pure substance composed of two or more elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions

Question 19

Convert 37.0 $$^\circC to $$kelvin using the correct formula.

Accepted Answer

$$T_K = 37.0 + 273.15 = 310.15\ \mathrm{K}$$

Question 20

A solution is prepared by dissolving 5.00 g of NaCl in enough water to make 250.0 mL of solution. What is the concentration of NaCl in g/L?

Accepted Answer

$$\dfrac{5.00\ \mathrm{g}}{0.250\ \mathrm{L}} = 20.0\ \mathrm{g/L}$$

Chapter 1: Foundations of Chemistry – Matter, Measurement, and Properties

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