Question 1

A child is drinking soda through a straw, as shown in the image. Which statement best explains why the liquid rises up the straw when the child sucks on it?

Accepted Answer

The child creates a lower pressure inside the straw, so atmospheric pressure outside pushes the liquid up.

Question 2

According to the kinetic molecular theory, which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the behavior of gas particles?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles experience significant attractive forces at all temperatures.

Question 3

A vacuum cleaner works by creating a region of low pressure inside the machine. What causes dust and debris to be sucked into the vacuum?

Accepted Answer

Atmospheric pressure outside the vacuum pushes dust and debris into the region of lower pressure.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the relationship between pressure and volume for a gas at constant temperature (Boyle’s Law)?

Accepted Answer

Pressure and volume are inversely proportional.

Question 5

A sample of gas occupies 4.0 L at a pressure of 2.0 atm. If the pressure is increased to 8.0 atm at constant temperature, what will the new volume be?

Accepted Answer

$$1.0\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a property unique to gases compared to solids and liquids?

Accepted Answer

Gases are compressible due to the large amount of empty space between particles.

Question 7

A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure. If the atmospheric pressure is 760 mmHg, what is the equivalent pressure in atm?

Accepted Answer

$$1.00\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 8

A gas sample has a volume of 2.80 L at an unknown temperature. When cooled to $$0^\circ\mathrm{C}$$, its volume decreases to 2.57 L. What was the initial temperature in Kelvin?

Accepted Answer

$$297.5\ \mathrm{K}$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why a hot air balloon rises?

Accepted Answer

The density of the air inside the balloon is less than the density of the surrounding air.

Question 10

A 4.8 L sample of helium gas contains 0.22 mol helium. How many additional moles of helium must be added to obtain a volume of 6.4 L at constant pressure and temperature?

Accepted Answer

$$0.30\ \mathrm{mol}$$

Question 11

Which equation represents the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = nRT$$

Question 12

A sample of gas has a mass of 0.311 g, a volume of 0.225 L, a temperature of $$55^\circ\mathrm{C}$$, and a pressure of 886 mmHg. What is the first step in determining its molar mass?

Accepted Answer

Convert the temperature to Kelvin and the pressure to atm.

Question 13

Which of the following conditions would cause a real gas to deviate most from ideal behavior?

Accepted Answer

Low temperature and high pressure

Question 14

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures states that:

Accepted Answer

The total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of each gas.

Question 15

A diver breathes air at a depth where the total pressure is 4.0 atm. If air is 21% oxygen by volume, what is the partial pressure of oxygen the diver is breathing?

Accepted Answer

$$0.84\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 16

A gas is collected over water at $$25^\circ\mathrm{C}$$ and the total pressure is 758 mmHg. If the vapor pressure of water at this temperature is 23.8 mmHg, what is the partial pressure of the dry gas?

Accepted Answer

$$734.2\ \mathrm{mmHg}$$

Question 17

How many liters of oxygen gas are produced at 755 mmHg and 308 K when 294 g of KClO$$_3$$ completely reacts according to the reaction $$2\mathrm{KClO}_3 \rightarrow 2\mathrm{KCl} + 3\mathrm{O}_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$80.6\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 18

At STP, what is the volume occupied by 2.00 moles of an ideal gas?

Accepted Answer

$$44.8\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 19

How many grams of water will form when 1.24 L of H$$_2 at $$STP completely reacts with O$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$1.00\ \mathrm{g}$$

Chapter 11: Gases – Properties, Laws, and Applications

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