Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between science and technology?

Accepted Answer

Science is the process of seeking an understanding of nature, while technology is the direct application of that knowledge to solve problems.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

A bicycle left outdoors begins to rust.

Question 3

Which statement about the Law of Conservation of Mass is correct?

Accepted Answer

The total mass of substances present at the end of a chemical process is the same as the mass of substances present before the process took place.

Question 4

A hypothesis in science must be:

Accepted Answer

Testable

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a pure substance?

Accepted Answer

Air

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

A mixture that is uniform in composition throughout.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct formula for density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{m}{V}$$

Question 8

A 10.0-g sample of which of the following substances would have the greatest volume? (Assume densities: gold = 19.3 g/mL, aluminum = 2.70 g/mL, water = 1.00 g/mL, ethanol = 0.789 g/mL)

Accepted Answer

Ethanol

Question 9

Which state of matter is composed of particles that are free to move about, but remain close together?

Accepted Answer

Liquid

Question 10

Which of the following is a physical property?

Accepted Answer

Boiling point

Question 11

A sample of iron has a mass of 156 g and occupies a volume of 20.0 mL. What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$7.80\ \mathrm{g/mL}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct relationship for converting Celsius to Kelvin?

Accepted Answer

$$T_K = T_C + 273.15$$

Question 13

A person with hypothermia has a body temperature of $$34.8\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. $$What is that temperature in $$^\circ\mathrm{F}$$? (Use $$T_F = 1.8 T_C + 32)$$

Accepted Answer

$$94.6\ ^\circ\mathrm{F}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of applied research?

Accepted Answer

Developing new products from peanuts to solve agricultural problems.

Question 15

Which metric prefix corresponds to $$10^{-6}$$?

Accepted Answer

micro-

Question 16

How many centimeters are in 2.44 meters?

Accepted Answer

244 cm

Question 17

A box measures 3.0 ft on each side. If the density of helium gas at 300 K is $$0.164\ \mathrm{g/L}$$, what is the mass of helium (in kg) that can be contained in the box? ($$1\ \mathrm{ft} = 30.48\ \mathrm{cm}$$, $$1\ \mathrm{L} = 1000\ \mathrm{cm}^3)$$

Accepted Answer

$$0.13\ \mathrm{kg}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A model that explains why or how nature does what it does, validated by experiments and able to predict future observations.

Question 19

When one travels from Earth to the moon, one’s mass ______ and one’s weight ______.

Accepted Answer

remains the same / decreases

Question 20

Which of the following is a limitation of science?

Accepted Answer

Science is limited to studying observable phenomena and processes where variables can be controlled.

Introductory Chemistry Study Guide: Chapter 1 and Metric System

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