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Ch. 19 Blood
Martini - Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology 11th Edition
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 19, Problema 2

The formed elements of the blood include:
(a) Plasma, fibrin, and serum
(b) Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen
(c) WBCs, RBCs, and platelets
(d) All of these

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1
Understand the components of blood: Blood consists of plasma (the liquid part) and formed elements (the cellular components).
Recall that plasma contains proteins like albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen, but these are not considered formed elements because they are dissolved in plasma.
Identify the formed elements: These are the cells and cell fragments suspended in plasma, specifically red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets.
Analyze each option: (a) includes plasma and serum, which are not formed elements; (b) lists plasma proteins, also not formed elements; (c) lists WBCs, RBCs, and platelets, which are the formed elements; (d) 'All of these' cannot be correct because (a) and (b) are incorrect.
Conclude that the correct answer is the option that lists the cellular components of blood, i.e., WBCs, RBCs, and platelets.

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Formed Elements of Blood

Formed elements refer to the cellular components of blood, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. These elements are suspended in plasma and are responsible for oxygen transport, immune defense, and blood clotting.
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Composition of Blood

Plasma and Its Components

Plasma is the liquid portion of blood that carries dissolved proteins like albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen. It serves as a transport medium for nutrients, hormones, and waste products but is not considered a formed element.
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Difference Between Serum and Plasma

Serum is plasma without clotting factors such as fibrinogen, obtained after blood has clotted. Plasma contains fibrinogen and other clotting proteins, distinguishing it from serum and the formed elements.
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