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Ch.12 - Parametric and Polar Curves
Briggs - Calculus: Early Transcendentals 3rd Edition
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Tutti i libri di testoBriggs 3rd EditionCh.12 - Parametric and Polar CurvesProblema 12.1.71a
Capitolo 12, Problema 12.1.71a

67–72. Derivatives Consider the following parametric curves.
a. Determine dy/dx in terms of t and evaluate it at the given value of t.


x = t + 1/t, y = t − 1/t; t = 1

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Identify the parametric equations given: \(x = t + \frac{1}{t}\) and \(y = t - \frac{1}{t}\).
Find the derivatives of \(x\) and \(y\) with respect to the parameter \(t\). Compute \(\frac{dx}{dt}\) and \(\frac{dy}{dt}\) by differentiating each expression:
\[\frac{dx}{dt} = 1 - \frac{1}{t^2}\]
\[\frac{dy}{dt} = 1 + \frac{1}{t^2}\]
Use the chain rule for parametric curves to find \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) by dividing \(\frac{dy}{dt}\) by \(\frac{dx}{dt}\):
\[\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\frac{dy}{dt}}{\frac{dx}{dt}} = \frac{1 + \frac{1}{t^2}}{1 - \frac{1}{t^2}}\]
Evaluate \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) at the given value \(t = 1\) by substituting \(t = 1\) into the expression.

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Parametric Equations

Parametric equations express the coordinates of points on a curve as functions of a parameter, usually denoted t. Instead of y as a function of x, both x and y depend on t, allowing the description of more complex curves. Understanding how to work with these equations is essential for analyzing the curve's behavior.
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Parameterizing Equations

Derivative of Parametric Curves (dy/dx)

For parametric curves, the derivative dy/dx is found by dividing the derivative of y with respect to t by the derivative of x with respect to t, i.e., (dy/dt) / (dx/dt). This method allows us to find the slope of the tangent line to the curve at any parameter value t.
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Differentiation of Parametric Curves

Evaluating Derivatives at a Specific Parameter Value

After finding the general expression for dy/dx in terms of t, substituting the given value of t allows us to find the slope of the curve at that specific point. This step is crucial for understanding the curve's instantaneous rate of change or tangent line slope at that parameter.
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Evaluate Composite Functions - Values on Unit Circle
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11–14. Working with parametric equations Consider the following parametric equations.

a. Make a brief table of values of t, x, and y.

b. Plot the (x, y) pairs in the table and the complete parametric curve, indicating the positive orientation (the direction of increasing t).


x=−t+6, y=3t−3; −5≤t≤5 

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a. Make a brief table of values of t, x, and y.

b. Plot the (x, y) pairs in the table and the complete parametric curve, indicating the positive orientation (the direction of increasing t).


x=2 t,y=3t−4;−10≤d≤10 

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a. Find the area of R

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Explain why or why not Determine whether the following statements are true and give an explanation or counterexample.  


a. The point with Cartesian coordinates (−2, 2) has polar coordinates (2√2, 3π/4), (2√2, 11π/4), (2√2, −5π/4), and (−2√2,−π/4).  

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