Skip to main content
Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds
McMurry - Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoMcMurry 8th EditionCh.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic CompoundsProblema 70a,b
Capitolo 13, Problema 70a,b

The following names are incorrect by IUPAC rules. Draw the structures represented by the following names, and write their correct names. Label each as being symmetrically or unsymmetrically substituted.
a. 2-Methyl-4-hexene
b. 1,3-Dimethyl-1-hexyne

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The task is to identify the errors in the given names according to IUPAC nomenclature rules, draw the structures based on the incorrect names, and then rename them correctly. Additionally, determine whether the compounds are symmetrically or unsymmetrically substituted.
Step 2: Analyze the first compound, '2-Methyl-4-hexene.' According to IUPAC rules, the parent chain should be the longest continuous chain containing the double bond. Number the chain such that the double bond gets the lowest possible number. Draw the structure based on the given name, ensuring the double bond is at position 4 and a methyl group is at position 2.
Step 3: Correct the name for '2-Methyl-4-hexene.' Check the numbering of the chain to ensure the double bond has the lowest possible number. If necessary, rename the compound by reassigning the position of the double bond and substituents. Determine if the substituents are symmetrically or unsymmetrically distributed.
Step 4: Analyze the second compound, '1,3-Dimethyl-1-hexyne.' According to IUPAC rules, the parent chain should be the longest continuous chain containing the triple bond. Number the chain such that the triple bond gets the lowest possible number. Draw the structure based on the given name, ensuring the triple bond is at position 1 and methyl groups are at positions 1 and 3.
Step 5: Correct the name for '1,3-Dimethyl-1-hexyne.' Check the numbering of the chain to ensure the triple bond has the lowest possible number. If necessary, rename the compound by reassigning the position of the triple bond and substituents. Determine if the substituents are symmetrically or unsymmetrically distributed.

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.

Concetti chiave

Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds, ensuring that each name conveys specific information about the structure of the molecule. It includes rules for identifying the longest carbon chain, the position of functional groups, and the correct use of prefixes and suffixes. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately interpreting and correcting the names provided in the question.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
3:18
IUPAC Naming Concept 3

Structural Representation

Structural representation involves drawing the molecular structure of a compound based on its name. This includes depicting the arrangement of atoms, bonds, and any functional groups. For the names given, one must visualize and sketch the correct structures to identify any discrepancies in the original names and to determine whether they are symmetrically or unsymmetrically substituted.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
2:08
Molecular Representations Concept 1

Substitution Patterns

Substitution patterns refer to the arrangement of substituents on a carbon chain, which can be classified as symmetrical or unsymmetrical. Symmetrical substitution means that substituents are arranged evenly around the central carbon chain, while unsymmetrical substitution indicates an uneven distribution. Recognizing these patterns is crucial for labeling the structures correctly after drawing them.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
5:07
Naming Alkanes with Substituents Example 1
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo

For each of the following reagents, decide whether chlorobenzene will react with it or not, and, if it does, draw and name the products expected from the reaction.

c. HNO3 and H2SO4 catalyst

38
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Predict the products of the following reactions:

e.

1630
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Aromatic compounds do not normally react with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst but will if very high pressures (200 atm) and high temperatures are used. Under these conditions, toluene adds three molecules of H2 to give an alkane addition product. What is a likely structure for the product?

749
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Cinnamaldehyde, the pleasant-smelling substance found in cinnamon oil, has the following structure:

What products would you expect to obtain from reaction of cinnamaldehyde with water and sulfuric acid catalyst?

979
views
Domanda del libro di testo

The explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT) is made by carrying out three successive nitration reactions on toluene. If these nitrations only occur in the ortho and para positions relative to the methyl group, what is the structure of TNT?

1234
views
Domanda del libro di testo

Assume that you have two unlabeled bottles, one with cyclohexane and one with cyclohexene. How could you tell them apart by carrying out chemical reactions?

25
views