Domanda del libro di testo
Use Figure 23.1 to identify the family of lipids to which each of these molecules belongs.
b.
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Ch.23 Lipids
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 23, Problema 6
Can there be any chiral carbon atoms in triacylglycerols? If so, which ones can be chiral and what determines their chirality?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Triacylglycerols are esters formed from glycerol and three fatty acid molecules. Glycerol is a three-carbon molecule with the formula C₃H₈O₃, where each carbon is bonded to a hydroxyl (-OH) group.
To determine if a carbon atom in a molecule is chiral, it must be bonded to four different groups. A chiral carbon is also referred to as an asymmetric carbon.
In triacylglycerols, the central carbon atom of the glycerol backbone (C₂) can potentially be chiral. This is because, after esterification with fatty acids, the groups attached to this carbon may differ depending on the fatty acids involved.
If the three fatty acids attached to the glycerol backbone are not identical (e.g., one saturated, one monounsaturated, and one polyunsaturated), the central carbon (C₂) will have four different groups attached, making it a chiral center.
The chirality of the central carbon is determined by the specific fatty acids attached to the glycerol backbone. If all three fatty acids are identical, the central carbon will not be chiral because it will not have four distinct groups.
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Chirality
Chirality refers to the geometric property of a molecule that makes it non-superimposable on its mirror image, much like left and right hands. A chiral carbon atom is one that is bonded to four different substituents, leading to two distinct enantiomers. This property is crucial in biochemistry, as the chirality of molecules can significantly affect their biological activity.
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1:39
Chirality Example 1
Triacylglycerols
Triacylglycerols, also known as triglycerides, are esters formed from glycerol and three fatty acids. They serve as a major form of energy storage in organisms. The structure of triacylglycerols can vary based on the types of fatty acids attached, which can influence the presence of chiral centers within the molecule.
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1:52Triacylglycerols Concept 1
Determining Chirality in Triacylglycerols
In triacylglycerols, chirality can arise from the glycerol backbone if it is esterified with fatty acids that differ in structure. Specifically, if one of the fatty acids is unsaturated or has a unique configuration, it can create a chiral center at the glycerol carbon. The presence of chiral centers is determined by the diversity of the substituents attached to the carbon atoms.
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1:39Chirality Example 1
Pratica correlata
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Write the complete equation for the hydrolysis of a triacylglycerol in which the fatty acids are two molecules of stearic acid and one of oleic acid.
735
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Domanda del libro di testo
Draw the complete structural formula of arachidonic acid (Table 23.1) in a way that shows the cis stereochemistry of its four double bonds.
724
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Domanda del libro di testo
Write an equation for the complete hydrogenation of triolein, the triacylglycerol with three oleic acid acyl groups for which you drew the structure in Problem 23.3. Name the fatty acid from which the resulting acyl groups are derived.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Identify the products formed by complete hydrolysis of all ester bonds in (a) the phosphatidylcholine on page 726.
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Domanda del libro di testo
One of the constituents of the carnauba wax used in floor and furniture polish is an ester of a 32-carbon straight-chain alcohol with a C20:0 straight-chain carboxylic acid. Draw the structure of this ester. (Use subscripts to show the numbers of connected CH2 groups.)
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