Domanda del libro di testo
Indicate if pressure increases, decreases, or stays the same in each of the following:
a.
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Ch.8 Gases
Timberlake14th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 8, Problema 77b
A weather balloon is partially filled with helium to allow for expansion at high altitudes. At STP, a weather balloon is filled with enough helium to give a volume of 25.0 L. At an altitude of 30.0 km and –35 ⁰C, it has expanded to 2460 L. The increase in volume causes it to burst and a small parachute returns the instruments to Earth.
b. What is the final pressure, in millimeters of mercury, of the helium inside the balloon when it bursts?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the given values and the unknown: The problem provides the initial conditions (STP: standard temperature and pressure, 0 °C or 273.15 K, and 1 atm or 760 mmHg), the initial volume (25.0 L), the final volume (2460 L), and the final temperature (―35 °C or 238.15 K). The unknown is the final pressure in mmHg.
Use the combined gas law to relate the initial and final states of the gas. The combined gas law is: , where P is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature.
Rearrange the combined gas law to solve for the final pressure, : .
Substitute the known values into the equation. Use mmHg, L, K, L, and K.
Perform the calculations step by step to determine the final pressure, , in mmHg. Ensure that the units are consistent throughout the calculation and that the final answer is expressed in mmHg.
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Ideal Gas Law
The Ideal Gas Law is a fundamental equation in chemistry that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas. It is expressed as PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin. This law is essential for understanding how gases behave under varying conditions, such as changes in volume and temperature, which is crucial for solving the problem of the weather balloon.
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Percorso guidato
01:15
The Ideal Gas Law Concept 1
Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)
Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) is a reference point used in gas calculations, defined as 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and 1 atmosphere (101.3 kPa) of pressure. At STP, the behavior of gases can be predicted more easily, allowing for comparisons and calculations. Understanding STP is important for determining the initial conditions of the helium in the weather balloon before it ascends to higher altitudes.
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00:33Standard Temperature and Pressure Concept 1
Gas Expansion and Pressure Changes
As a gas expands, its pressure decreases if the temperature remains constant, according to Boyle's Law. In the context of the weather balloon, as it ascends to higher altitudes, the decrease in external pressure allows the helium to expand significantly. This concept is critical for calculating the final pressure of the gas inside the balloon when it bursts, as it directly relates to the volume change and the temperature at that altitude.
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01:15Pressure Units Concept 1
Pratica correlata
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In 1783, Jacques Charles launched his first balloon filled with hydrogen gas, which he chose because it was lighter than air. If the balloon had a volume of 31 000 L, how many kilograms of hydrogen were needed to fill the balloon at STP?
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Domanda del libro di testo
What is the total pressure, in millimeters of mercury, of a gas mixture containing argon gas at 0.25 atm, helium gas at 350 mmHg, and nitrogen gas at 360 Torr?
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Domanda del libro di testo
At a restaurant, a customer chokes on a piece of food. You put your arms around the person's waist and use your fists to push up on the person's abdomen, an action called the Heimlich maneuver.
b. Why does it cause the person to expel the food item from the airway?
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Domanda del libro di testo
A mixture of nitrogen (N2) and helium has a volume of 365 mL at 30 °C and a total pressure of 745 mmHg. (8.5, 8.6, 8.7)
a. If the partial pressure of helium is 65 mmHg, what is the partial pressure of the nitrogen?
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