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Ch 07: Newton's Third Law
Knight Calc - Physics for Scientists and Engineers 5th Edition
Knight Calc5th EditionPhysics for Scientists and EngineersISBN: 9780137344796Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 7, Problema 28

A rope of length L and mass m is suspended from the ceiling. Find an expression for the tension in the rope at position y, measured upward from the free end of the rope.

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Start by understanding that the tension in the rope at a position y is due to the weight of the rope below that point. The weight of the rope below y depends on the mass of the rope segment below y.
The mass per unit length of the rope, also called the linear mass density, is \( \lambda = \frac{m}{L} \), where \( m \) is the total mass of the rope and \( L \) is its total length.
The length of the rope below the position y is \( L - y \). Therefore, the mass of the rope below y is \( \lambda (L - y) = \frac{m}{L}(L - y) \).
The weight of the rope below y is the force due to gravity acting on this mass, which is \( F = \text{mass} \times g = \frac{m}{L}(L - y)g \), where \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity.
The tension at position y is equal to the weight of the rope below that point. Thus, the tension is given by \( T(y) = \frac{m}{L}(L - y)g \).

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Tension in a Rope

Tension is the force exerted along the length of a rope or string when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. In a hanging rope, the tension varies along its length due to the weight of the rope itself. The tension at any point in the rope must balance the weight of the rope below that point.
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Calculating Tension in a Pendulum with Energy Conservation

Weight of the Rope

The weight of the rope is the force due to gravity acting on its mass, calculated as W = mg, where m is the mass of the rope and g is the acceleration due to gravity. This weight contributes to the tension experienced at different points along the rope, as the tension must support not only the segment of the rope above a given point but also the weight of the rope below that point.
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Static Equilibrium

Static equilibrium refers to a state where an object is at rest and the sum of forces acting on it is zero. In the context of the rope, this means that at any point along the rope, the upward tension force must equal the downward gravitational force acting on the segment of the rope below that point. This principle allows us to derive expressions for tension based on the position along the rope.
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Static Friction & Equilibrium
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