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Ch. 5 - Complex Numbers, Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations
Blitzer - Trigonometry 3rd Edition
Blitzer3rd EditionTrigonometryISBN: 9780137316601Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 5, Problema 21

In Exercises 21–28, divide and express the result in standard form. 2 / 3 - i

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Identify the complex number in the denominator: \(3 - i\).
To divide by a complex number, multiply both the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator. The conjugate of \(3 - i\) is \(3 + i\).
Multiply numerator and denominator by \(3 + i\): \(\frac{2}{3 - i} \times \frac{3 + i}{3 + i} = \frac{2(3 + i)}{(3 - i)(3 + i)}\).
Expand the numerator: \(2(3 + i) = 6 + 2i\).
Expand the denominator using the difference of squares formula: \((3 - i)(3 + i) = 3^2 - (i)^2 = 9 - (-1) = 9 + 1 = 10\).

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Complex Number Standard Form

A complex number is expressed in standard form as a + bi, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part. Writing results in this form helps clearly separate the real and imaginary components, making it easier to interpret and use in further calculations.
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Complex Numbers In Polar Form

Division of Complex Numbers

Dividing complex numbers involves multiplying the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator to eliminate the imaginary part in the denominator. This process converts the division into a simpler form that can be expressed as a standard complex number.
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Dividing Complex Numbers

Complex Conjugate

The complex conjugate of a number a + bi is a - bi. Multiplying by the conjugate removes the imaginary part from the denominator because (a + bi)(a - bi) equals a² + b², a real number. This technique is essential for simplifying complex fractions.
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Complex Conjugates