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Ch.5 - Thermochemistry
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서Brown 14th EditionCh.5 - Thermochemistry문제 50b
5장, 문제 50b

Two solid objects, A and B, are placed in boiling water and allowed to come to the temperature of the water. Each is then lifted out and placed in separate beakers containing 1000 g of water at 10.0 °C. Object A increases the water temperature by 3.50 °C; B increases the water temperature by 2.60 °C. (b) What can you say about the specific heats of A and B?

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Understand the concept of specific heat capacity, which is the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius. It is denoted by the symbol \( c \) and is expressed in units of \( \text{J/g} \cdot \text{°C} \).
Recognize that when objects A and B are placed in water, they transfer heat to the water, causing the water's temperature to rise. The amount of heat transferred can be calculated using the formula \( q = m \cdot c \cdot \Delta T \), where \( q \) is the heat transferred, \( m \) is the mass of the water, \( c \) is the specific heat capacity of water, and \( \Delta T \) is the change in temperature.
Since both objects are initially at the same temperature (boiling water), the heat transferred from each object to the water is proportional to the temperature change of the water. Object A causes a larger temperature change (3.50 °C) compared to object B (2.60 °C), indicating that object A transfers more heat to the water.
Assuming both objects have the same mass and initial temperature, the difference in temperature change suggests that object A has a higher specific heat capacity than object B. This is because a higher specific heat capacity means the object can store more heat energy, which it then transfers to the water.
Conclude that the specific heat capacity of object A is greater than that of object B, as object A causes a larger increase in the water's temperature, indicating it has stored and transferred more heat energy.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Specific Heat Capacity

Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius. It is a material property that varies between different substances, influencing how much energy they can absorb or release when their temperature changes.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:19
Heat Capacity

Heat Transfer

Heat transfer refers to the movement of thermal energy from one object to another due to a temperature difference. In this scenario, when objects A and B are placed in water, they transfer heat to the water, causing a temperature change that can be measured to infer their specific heats.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:19
Heat Capacity

Thermal Equilibrium

Thermal equilibrium occurs when two objects in contact reach the same temperature, resulting in no net heat transfer between them. In the context of the question, both objects A and B reach thermal equilibrium with the boiling water before being placed in the cooler water, allowing for a comparison of their specific heats based on the temperature changes observed.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:35
Thermal Equilibrium
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교과서 질문

(a) What amount of heat (in joules) is required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 kelvin? (b) What amount of heat (in joules) is required to raise the temperature of 1 mole of water by 1 kelvin?

교과서 질문

Two solid objects, A and B, are placed in boiling water and allowed to come to the temperature of the water. Each is then lifted out and placed in separate beakers containing 1000 g of water at 10.0 °C. Object A increases the water temperature by 3.50 °C; B increases the water temperature by 2.60 °C. (a) Which object has the larger heat capacity?

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교과서 질문

(b) The specific heat of aluminum is 0.9 J/(g - K). Calculate its molar heat capacity.

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교과서 질문

(d) How many kJ of heat are needed to raise the temperature of 5.00 kg of liquid water from 24.6 to 46.2 °C?

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교과서 질문

(c) What is the heat capacity of 185 g of liquid water?

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