교과서 질문
How does an irreversible inhibitor function differently than a reversible inhibitor?
1041
views
Ch.10 Proteins Workers of the Cell
Frost4th EditionGeneral, Organic and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134988696
당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경다른 교과서를 선택하세요
TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.4 Introduction to Organic Compounds75
- Ch.5 Chemical Reactions19
- Ch.6 Carbohydrates Life's Sweet Molecules62
- Ch.7 States of Matter and Their Attractive Forces8
- Ch.8 Solution Chemistry Sugar and Water Do Mix4
- Ch.10 Proteins Workers of the Cell89
- Ch.11 Nucleic Acids Big Molecules with a Big Role69
- Ch.12 Food as Fuel An Overview of Metabolism65
6장, 문제 95c
Pepsin, an enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds in proteins, functions in the stomach at a pH optimum of 1.5 to 2.0. How is the rate of a pepsin-catalyzed reaction affected by each of the following conditions?
c. running the reaction at 0 °C
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the role of temperature in enzyme activity: Enzymes, including pepsin, are proteins that catalyze reactions. Their activity is highly dependent on temperature. At lower temperatures, such as 0 °C, the kinetic energy of molecules decreases, leading to slower movement and fewer effective collisions between the enzyme and substrate.
Recall the concept of the optimal temperature for enzymes: Most enzymes have an optimal temperature range where their activity is maximized. For pepsin, this optimal temperature is typically around human body temperature (37 °C). Deviating significantly from this range, especially lowering the temperature, reduces the enzyme's catalytic efficiency.
Consider the effect of 0 °C on reaction rate: At 0 °C, the enzyme's activity is significantly reduced because the molecular motion is slowed down. This results in a lower rate of reaction, as fewer substrate molecules interact with the active site of pepsin.
Relate temperature to enzyme structure: While 0 °C does not denature pepsin (denaturation typically occurs at high temperatures), it does cause the enzyme to function less effectively due to reduced flexibility in its active site, which is necessary for binding substrates.
Conclude the impact: Running the reaction at 0 °C will slow down the rate of the pepsin-catalyzed reaction significantly, as the enzyme's activity is hindered by the low temperature.
비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:
이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.
영상 길이:
6m도움이 되었나요?
주요 개념
질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.
Enzyme Activity and Temperature
Enzymes, including pepsin, are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions. Their activity is highly dependent on temperature; generally, as temperature increases, enzyme activity rises due to increased molecular movement. However, extreme temperatures can denature enzymes, leading to a loss of function. At low temperatures, such as 0 °C, enzyme activity is significantly reduced because molecular interactions slow down, resulting in fewer effective collisions between the enzyme and substrate.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
1:31
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity Example 1
pH and Enzyme Function
Enzymes have optimal pH ranges where they function most effectively. Pepsin, for instance, operates best in the highly acidic environment of the stomach (pH 1.5 to 2.0). Deviations from this optimal pH can lead to decreased enzyme activity or denaturation. At a neutral or basic pH, pepsin's structure may be altered, impairing its ability to hydrolyze peptide bonds efficiently.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:16Logarithmic Functions
Reaction Rate and Substrate Concentration
The rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is influenced by substrate concentration. Initially, as substrate concentration increases, the reaction rate also increases, as more substrate molecules are available for the enzyme to act upon. However, this relationship only holds until the enzyme becomes saturated; beyond this point, additional substrate does not increase the reaction rate. At low temperatures, the reduced kinetic energy can further limit the effective concentration of substrate molecules interacting with the enzyme.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:16Rate of Reaction Concept 7
관련 실천
교과서 질문
Problems 10.94 and 10.95 both mention enzymes that hydrolyze peptide bonds. How do you account for the fact that pepsin has a high catalytic activity at pH 1.5 but chymotrypsin has very little activity at pH 1.5?
766
views
교과서 질문
If each of the following amino acid side chains is present in the active site of an enzyme, indicate whether it would (a) serve a catalytic function, (b) serve to hold the substrate, or (c) both.
d. lysine
648
views
교과서 질문
If each of the following amino acid side chains is present in the active site of an enzyme, indicate whether it would (a) serve a catalytic function, (b) serve to hold the substrate, or (c) both.
a. aspartate
492
views
교과서 질문
Pepsin, an enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds in proteins, functions in the stomach at a pH optimum of 1.5 to 2.0. How is the rate of a pepsin-catalyzed reaction affected by each of the following conditions?
a. increasing the concentration of proteins
977
views
교과서 질문
Meats spoil due to the action of enzymes that degrade the proteins. Fresh meats can be preserved for long periods of time by freezing them. Explain how freezing meats works to prevent spoilage.
593
views