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Ch 13: Gravitation
Young & Freedman Calc - University Physics 14th Edition
Young & Freedman Calc14th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780321973610당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
13장, 문제 29b

The dwarf planet Pluto has an elliptical orbit with a semimajor axis of 5.91 × 1012 m and eccentricity 0.249. During Pluto's orbit around the sun, what are its closest and farthest distances from the sun?

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Understand that the closest distance from the sun in an elliptical orbit is called the perihelion, and the farthest distance is called the aphelion.
The formula for the perihelion distance \( r_{p} \) is given by \( r_{p} = a(1 - e) \), where \( a \) is the semimajor axis and \( e \) is the eccentricity.
Substitute the given values into the perihelion formula: \( r_{p} = 5.91 \times 10^{12} \text{ m} \times (1 - 0.249) \).
The formula for the aphelion distance \( r_{a} \) is given by \( r_{a} = a(1 + e) \).
Substitute the given values into the aphelion formula: \( r_{a} = 5.91 \times 10^{12} \text{ m} \times (1 + 0.249) \).

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Elliptical Orbits

Elliptical orbits are the paths followed by celestial bodies, like planets, around a star, characterized by an elongated circle or oval shape. The shape of an ellipse is defined by its semimajor axis, which is the longest diameter, and its eccentricity, which measures the deviation from a perfect circle. Understanding elliptical orbits is crucial for calculating distances at various points in the orbit.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
6:03
Speed and Energy of Elliptical Orbits

Semimajor Axis

The semimajor axis is half of the longest diameter of an ellipse and is a fundamental parameter in describing the size of an orbit. In celestial mechanics, it represents the average distance of a planet from the star it orbits. For Pluto, the semimajor axis is 5.91 * 10^12 meters, which helps determine its orbital characteristics, including the closest and farthest points from the Sun.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
13:46
Parallel Axis Theorem

Orbital Eccentricity

Orbital eccentricity quantifies how much an orbit deviates from being circular, with values ranging from 0 (a perfect circle) to 1 (a parabolic trajectory). An eccentricity of 0.249 for Pluto indicates a moderately elliptical orbit. This value is essential for calculating the perihelion (closest point) and aphelion (farthest point) distances from the Sun, using the semimajor axis and eccentricity.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
04:45
Geosynchronous Orbits
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