Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between the primary and secondary immune responses as shown in the typical adaptive immunity response curve?

Accepted Answer

The secondary response is faster and produces a higher magnitude of antibodies due to immunological memory.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a property that affects the immunogenicity of a molecule?

Accepted Answer

Ability to cross the blood-brain barrier

Question 3

A patient receives an injection of antibodies after exposure to rabies virus. Which type of immunity is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Artificial passive immunity

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why vaccines are effective in preventing future infections?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate the production of memory B and T cells, leading to a faster and stronger secondary immune response upon re-exposure.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules is correct?

Accepted Answer

MHC class I molecules present endogenous antigens to cytotoxic T cells.

Question 6

A researcher is studying a molecule that is highly foreign, large, and chemically complex. According to immunological principles, what can be predicted about this molecule?

Accepted Answer

It is likely to be a strong immunogen and elicit a robust immune response.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process of clonal selection in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Only lymphocytes with receptors specific to the encountered antigen are activated and proliferate.

Question 8

A patient is exposed to a pathogen for the first time. Which of the following best describes the expected antibody response?

Accepted Answer

A slow, low-magnitude response primarily involving IgM antibodies.

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of helper T cells (CD4+)?

Accepted Answer

Activating B cells and cytotoxic T cells by releasing cytokines

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of dendritic cells in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They act as antigen-presenting cells that activate naive T cells.

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding the structure and function of immunoglobulin (antibody) classes?

Accepted Answer

IgM is the first antibody produced in a primary immune response and is a pentamer.

Question 12

A patient with a genetic defect in MHC class II molecules would most likely have impaired:

Accepted Answer

Activation of helper T cells

Question 13

Which of the following best explains the concept of immunological memory?

Accepted Answer

The ability of the immune system to respond more rapidly and effectively to pathogens that have been encountered previously.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct match between an antigen-presenting cell and the type of T cell it activates?

Accepted Answer

B cell presenting antigen via MHC class II to helper T cell

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of negative selection during T cell maturation in the thymus?

Accepted Answer

T cells that bind self-antigen with too high affinity are eliminated to prevent autoimmunity.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of antibodies in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Neutralizing toxins and pathogens by binding to them

Question 17

A child receives antibodies from her mother through breast milk. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Natural passive immunity

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why a person who recovers from measles is usually immune to future measles infections but not to mumps?

Accepted Answer

The immune response is highly specific to the antigens of the measles virus.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity?

Accepted Answer

Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies produced by B cells, while cell-mediated immunity is mediated by T cells.

Question 20

A patient is infected with a virus that downregulates MHC class I expression on host cells. Which immune cell type is most likely to recognize and kill these infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Natural killer (NK) cells

Adaptive Immunity (Ch. 13) – Study Guide Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards