Question 1

Which of the following best describes the attribute of 'memory' in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

The ability to mount a faster and more effective response upon subsequent exposure to the same antigen.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a primary lymphoid organ?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Question 3

A patient receives antibodies from an immune donor after exposure to rabies. This is an example of which type of acquired immunity?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 4

Which class of MHC protein is found on all nucleated cells and is essential for presenting endogenous antigens?

Accepted Answer

MHC class I

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why clonal deletion is necessary during lymphocyte development?

Accepted Answer

To eliminate lymphocytes that react to self-antigens, preventing autoimmunity.

Question 6

Which antibody class is most abundant in serum and provides the longest-lasting immunity?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 7

A child develops immunity to measles after recovering from the infection. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired active immunity

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 9

Which process allows B cells to generate millions of different B cell receptors (BCRs)?

Accepted Answer

Gene segment recombination by the RAG enzyme

Question 10

A cytotoxic T cell recognizes a virally infected cell. Which molecules are involved in this recognition?

Accepted Answer

TCR and MHC class I

Question 11

Which cytokine is primarily responsible for signaling among leukocytes?

Accepted Answer

Interleukin (IL)

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of helper T cells in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Regulate B cells and cytotoxic T cells

Question 13

Which pathway involves cytotoxic T cells releasing perforin and granzymes to induce apoptosis in target cells?

Accepted Answer

Perforin-granzyme pathway

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the secondary immune response?

Accepted Answer

It is mediated by memory cells and is faster and more robust than the primary response.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of an exogenous antigen?

Accepted Answer

A bacterial toxin present in the extracellular environment

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why MHC molecules are important in tissue transplantation?

Accepted Answer

They determine compatibility of tissues by presenting antigens to immune cells.

Question 17

Which antibody class is primarily associated with mucosal immunity and is found in body secretions?

Accepted Answer

IgA

Question 18

A patient with a genetic defect cannot produce regulatory T cells. Which of the following is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled immune responses and potential autoimmunity

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies coat pathogens to enhance phagocytosis.

Question 20

Which of the following steps is NOT part of the activation of cytotoxic T cell clones?

Accepted Answer

Antibody secretion

Adaptive Immunity: Mechanisms and Components

Study Guide - Practice Questions