Q: Which equation best represents the diversity of B cell receptors generated by random gene recombination?

$$N_{BCR} = V \times D \times J$$

Question 1

Which of the following is a key difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Adaptive immunity targets antigens with billions of possible variations, while innate immunity targets a limited number of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).

Question 2

Which organ is the primary site of maturation for T lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 3

A patient receives a kidney transplant. Which molecules are most important in determining tissue compatibility?

Accepted Answer

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of MHC class II molecules?

Accepted Answer

Present only on antigen-presenting cells and display extracellular antigens

Question 5

Which cell type is NOT an antigen-presenting cell (APC)?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 6

A viral infection triggers the activation of cytotoxic T cells. Which glycoprotein is essential for these cells to recognize infected cells?

Accepted Answer

CD8

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Direct killing of infected cells via perforin and granzyme

Question 8

Which equation best represents the diversity of B cell receptors generated by random gene recombination?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{BCR} = V 	imes D 	imes J$$

Question 9

Which antibody class is most common and longest-lasting in the blood?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 10

A newborn receives antibodies from its mother through the placenta. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 11

Which pathway is used by cytotoxic T cells to kill infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Perforin-granzyme pathway

Question 12

Which of the following is the first antibody class secreted by plasma cells before class switching?

Accepted Answer

IgM

Question 13

What is the main function of cytokines in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

To act as signals to direct activities in immune responses

Question 14

A patient is exposed to a pathogen for the second time. Which immune response is expected?

Accepted Answer

Secondary immune response, faster and more effective

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of artificially acquired active immunity?

Accepted Answer

Vaccination

Question 16

Which class of antibody is able to cross the placenta from mother to developing fetus?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT accurate regarding killing of target cells by cytotoxic T cells?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies direct the T cells.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process before exogenous antigens are presented?

Accepted Answer

The pathogen is internalized by the APC and then catabolized to create peptide antigens.

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason why active immunity is more advantageous than passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Active immunity leads to the development of immunological memory.

CH 16 Adaptive Immunity: Mechanisms, Cells, and Molecular Basis

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards