Question 1

Which of the following best describes a subunit vaccine produced using recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

A vaccine containing only the antigenic fragments of a pathogen produced by genetically engineered organisms.

Question 2

A scientist inserts a gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens into a crop plant to confer resistance to glyphosate. What is the primary benefit of this genetic modification?

Accepted Answer

The crop plant can survive herbicide application, allowing farmers to control weeds without harming the crop.

Question 3

Which of the following is a potential risk associated with the use of transgenic organisms in agriculture?

Accepted Answer

Transgenic organisms may trigger allergies in humans.

Question 4

Which method is commonly used to determine the function of a gene in functional genomics?

Accepted Answer

Gene knockout experiments.

Question 5

A patient is injected with a plasmid carrying a gene from a pathogen. What is the intended outcome of this procedure?

Accepted Answer

The patient will synthesize the pathogen's proteins and develop immunity.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why most microorganisms have never been grown in a laboratory?

Accepted Answer

They require specific growth conditions that are difficult to replicate.

Question 7

What is the main advantage of using DNA microarrays in genetic screening?

Accepted Answer

They can screen for multiple genetic mutations simultaneously.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a xenotransplant?

Accepted Answer

Transplanting a pig heart valve into a human patient.

Question 9

A genetically modified rice plant contains a gene for $$\beta-$$carotene. What is the primary nutritional benefit of this modification?

Accepted Answer

Increased vitamin A content.

Question 10

Which of the following is a direct effect of damaging microbial proteins with extreme heat?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation of proteins, leading to loss of function.

Question 11

A tomato plant is genetically engineered to suppress the enzyme that breaks down pectin. What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

The tomato will have a longer shelf life.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the action of antimicrobial agents on nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

They can alter or destroy nucleic acids, producing fatal mutants.

Question 13

Why is gene therapy challenging to implement for treating genetic diseases?

Accepted Answer

It is difficult to deliver a functioning gene into enough cells to affect the disease.

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-world application of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin in agriculture?

Accepted Answer

Genetically modifying crops to produce Bt toxin for pest resistance.

Question 15

Which ethical concern is associated with routine genetic screening using recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Genetic privacy rights of individuals.

Question 16

A scientist uses next-generation sequencing to analyze a human microbiome. What is the primary advantage of this technology?

Accepted Answer

It allows for the identification of all microbial species present, including those that cannot be cultured.

Question 17

Which of the following is a possible unintended consequence of natural genetic transfer from transgenic plants?

Accepted Answer

Transfer of engineered genes to wild relatives, potentially creating new weeds.

Question 18

Which of the following is a reason why standards are imposed on laboratories involved in recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

To minimize potential risks to human health and the environment.

Question 19

A canola plant is genetically engineered for salt tolerance. What is a potential environmental benefit of this modification?

Accepted Answer

The plant can remove salt from the soil, improving soil quality.

Question 20

Which of the following is a multi-step process involving recombinant DNA technology for medical diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Isolating DNA from a patient specimen, amplifying pathogen-specific gene sequences using PCR, and detecting the presence of the pathogen.

Applications, Ethics, and Safety of Recombinant DNA Technology

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