Q: Which of the following equations represents the oxygenic photosynthesis performed by cyanobacteria?

$$6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{light} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$}$$

Question 1

Which structural feature is shared by all members of the Proteobacteria group?

Accepted Answer

Outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which bacterial genus is responsible, and what unique cell wall feature does it possess?

Accepted Answer

Mycobacterium; waxy cell wall with mycolic acids

Question 3

Which bacterial group is responsible for producing the majority of naturally derived antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Actinobacteria

Question 4

Why are Mycoplasma species naturally resistant to penicillin-type antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

They lack a cell wall

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the primary ecological role of Bacteroidetes in the human gut?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down complex carbohydrates

Question 6

Which bacterial group performs oxygenic photosynthesis and is a major contributor to global carbon fixation?

Accepted Answer

Cyanobacteria

Question 7

A researcher isolates a bacterium from a hot spring that grows as a filament and has high G+C DNA content. Which group does it most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Actinobacteria

Question 8

Which of the following is a defining feature of endospore-forming bacteria such as Bacillus and Clostridium?

Accepted Answer

Survival in extreme environmental conditions

Question 9

Which phototrophic bacteria use hydrogen sulfide ($$\mathrm{H_2S}) as an $$electron donor during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Purple sulfur bacteria

Question 10

Why do anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria not produce oxygen during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

They use only one photosystem and do not split water

Question 11

Which bacterial group contains organisms that move using internal flagella (endoflagella) and includes the causative agent of Lyme disease?

Accepted Answer

Spirochetes

Question 12

A soil sample contains bacteria that produce a strong earthy odor and are known for antibiotic production. Which genus is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Streptomyces

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why closely related Proteobacteria can have very different metabolic strategies?

Accepted Answer

Horizontal gene transfer and rapid evolution

Question 14

Which of the following equations represents the oxygenic photosynthesis performed by cyanobacteria?

Accepted Answer

$$6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{light} ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is the primary difference between Firmicutes and Actinobacteria?

Accepted Answer

G+C content of DNA

Question 16

A bacterium isolated from a rice paddy is Gram-positive, photoheterotrophic, and does not produce oxygen during photosynthesis. To which group does it most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Heliobacteria

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the two-stage life cycle of Chlamydiae?

Accepted Answer

Infectious and reproductive forms

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the ecological importance of cyanobacteria in marine environments?

Accepted Answer

They dominate photosynthesis and contribute significantly to global carbon fixation

Question 19

A bacterium is found to be a strict anaerobe, capable of capturing light in very low-light environments, and uses hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor. Which group does it belong to?

Accepted Answer

Green sulfur bacteria

Question 20

Which of the following best describes mixotrophy in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Ability to switch between metabolic modes depending on environmental conditions

lec 21:Bacterial Diversity and Phototrophic Bacteria: Structure, Classification, and Ecological Roles

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