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BIO2440 Microbiology Study Guide – Step-by-Step Guidance

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Study Guide - Learn with Videos

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Introduction to Viruses

  • General Structure of Viruses
    04:47
  • Three Common Shapes of Viruses
    03:19
  • Enveloped vs. Non-Enveloped Viruses
    05:09

Plaque Assays

  • Plaque Assays
    04:21

Bacteriophage: Lytic Phage Infections

  • Bacteriophage: Lytic Phage Infections
    04:58

Bacteriophage: Lysogenic Phage Infections

  • Bacteriophage: Lysogenic Phage Infections
    05:27
  • Lysogenic Conversion
    03:37

Animal Viruses: 1. Attachment to the Host Cell

  • Animal Viruses: 1. Attachment to the Host Cell
    03:12

Animal Viruses: 2. Entry & Uncoating in the Host Cell

  • Entry & Uncoating by Endocytosis
    02:29
  • Animal Viruses: 2. Entry & Uncoating in the Host Cell
    04:29
  • Entry & Uncoating of Enveloped Viruses by Membrane Fusion
    02:59

Animal Viruses: 3. Synthesis & Replication

  • Map of Lesson on Animal Virus Synthesis & Replication
    03:34
  • Types of RNA Virus Genomes
    10:46
  • Common Themes of All Virus Genomes
    02:58

Acute vs. Persistent Viral Infections

  • Acute Viral Infections
    03:29
  • Persistent Viral Infections
    05:12
  • Acute vs. Persistent Viral Infections
    02:59

Viroids

  • Viroids
    03:49

Prions

  • Prion Development in Neurons Leads to Scrapie
    04:00
  • Prions
    03:05

The Human Microbiome

  • The Human Microbiome
    03:25
  • Microbiome Promotes Immune Tolerance
    05:48
  • Microbiome Makes Nutrients & Aids in Host Digestion
    03:26

Koch's Postulates

  • Koch's Postulates
    01:36
  • The 4 Koch's Postulates
    03:31
  • Limitations to Koch's Postulates
    02:58

Characteristics of Infectious Disease

  • Primary vs. Secondary Infections
    04:16
  • Communicable vs. Noncommunicable Diseases
    04:57
  • Intro to Characteristics of Infectious Disease
    05:09

Reservoirs of Infection

  • Human Reservoirs: Carriers of Disease
    03:12
  • Reservoirs of Infection
    00:51
  • Non-Human Reservoirs
    02:36

Disease Transmission

  • Disease Transmission
    01:24
  • Vertical vs. Horizontal Disease Transmission
    02:32

Healthcare-Associated Infections

  • Risk Factors Contributing to HAIs
    02:45
  • Healthcare-Associated Infections
    01:33
  • Preventing HAIs
    01:59

Emerging Infectious Diseases

  • Emerging Infectious Diseases Example 1
    02:11
  • Factors Contributing to Emerging & Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases
    03:21
  • Emerging & Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases
    03:15

Introduction to Epidemiology

  • Introduction to Epidemiology Example 1
    01:48
  • Introduction to Epidemiology Example 2
    05:15
  • Mortality & Case-Fatality Rates
    02:28

Factors Influencing Epidemiology

  • Factors Influencing Epidemiology
    03:26
  • Herd Immunity
    04:05

Epidemiological Studies

  • Types of Epidemiological Studies
    05:00

Bacterial Pathogenesis

  • Intro to Bacterial Pathogenesis
    02:35
  • 1) Exposure to Pathogen
    03:27
  • 3) Invasion into Host Tissues
    05:38

Introduction to Avoiding Host Defense Mechanisms

  • Introduction to Avoiding Host Defense Mechanisms
    01:59

Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins

  • Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins
    03:40

Exotoxins Cause Damage to the Host

  • 1) A-B Toxins
    04:44
  • Types of Exotoxins
    03:30
  • 3) Superantigens
    03:59

Endotoxin Causes Damage to the Host

  • Endotoxin
    02:46
  • Lipid A Causes Septic Shock
    03:24

Exotoxins vs. Endotoxin Review

  • Exotoxins vs. Endotoxin Review
    07:22

Introduction to Immunity

  • Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity
    05:52
  • Antigens & Antibodies
    02:58

Introduction to Innate Immunity

  • Introduction to Innate Immunity
    02:30
  • Map of Lesson on Innate Immunity
    06:42

Introduction to First-Line Defenses

  • Introduction to First-Line Defenses
    01:56
  • Map of the Lesson on First-Line Defenses
    01:37

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin

  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    01:28
  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    04:08

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Mucous Membrane

  • Peristalsis & Mucociliary Escalator
    04:16
  • Mucous Membranes
    02:34

First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers

  • Chemical Defenses: Gastric Juice Prevents Microbial Growth by Lowering pH
    02:07
  • Chemical Defenses: Earwax Prevents Microbial Growth by Controlling pH
    02:18
  • Chemical Defenses: Sweat Glands Prevent Microbial Growth by Perspiration
    02:04

First-Line Defenses: Normal Microbiota

  • Normal Microbiota
    03:43

Introduction to Cells of the Immune System

  • Introduction to Cells of the Immune System
    03:27
  • Map of the Lesson on Cells of the Immune System
    06:08
  • Hematopoiesis
    02:33

Cells of the Immune System: Granulocytes

  • Granulocytes
    03:32
  • Neutrophils
    05:32
  • Basophils
    03:23

Cells of the Immune System: Agranulocytes

  • Monocytes
    07:16
  • Introduction to Lymphocytes
    03:51
  • Agranulocytes
    03:43

Phagoctytosis

  • Steps of Phagocytosis
    08:57
  • Phagoctytosis
    02:19

Cell Communication: Surface Receptors & Adhesion Molecules

  • Cell Surface Receptors
    04:05
  • Adhesion Molecules
    02:58

Introduction to Inflammation

  • Types of Inflammatory Responses
    02:52
  • Introduction to Inflammation
    01:38
  • Chronic Inflammation
    03:09

Steps of the Inflammatory Response

  • 2) Release of Inflammatory Mediators & Other Cytokines
    02:15
  • Damaging Effects of the Inflammatory Response
    02:10
  • 3) Vasodilation
    02:39

Fever

  • Fever
    03:57

Introduction to the Complement System

  • Map of the Lesson on the Complement System
    03:25
  • Introduction to the Complement System
    04:25
  • Proteins of the Complement System
    04:16

Activation Pathways of the Complement System

  • 2) Lectin Pathway
    03:04
  • 1) Alternative Pathway
    04:40
  • 3) Classical Pathway
    03:42

Effects of the Complement System

  • 1) Opsonization
    04:09
  • 2) Cell Lysis of Invading Microbes
    03:18
  • Effects of the Complement System
    01:32

Review of the Complement System

  • Review of the Complement System
    05:15

Interferon Response

  • Interferon Response
    01:32
  • Steps of the Interferon Response
    09:59

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

  • Overview of Adaptive Immunity
    04:57
  • Primary vs. Secondary Lymphoid Organs
    04:58
  • Introduction to Adaptive Immunity
    05:47

Cell Communication: Cytokines

  • Cytokines
    02:59
  • Types of Cytokines
    06:08
  • Types of Interleukins
    02:14

Antigens

  • Free Antigens vs. Presented Antigens on APCs
    04:11
  • Antigens
    03:59

Antibodies

  • Antibody Structure
    05:40
  • Antibody Diversity
    02:34
  • Antibodies
    00:48

Classes of Antibodies

  • IgE
    02:45
  • IgA
    02:44
  • Classes of Antibodies
    04:43

Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen

  • Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen
    09:16

Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules

  • Classes of MHC Molecules
    07:17
  • Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
    02:31

T Dependent & T Independent Antigens

  • B Cell Activation by T Dependent Antigens
    05:09
  • T Dependent & T Independent Antigens
    02:08
  • B Cell Activation by T Independent Antigens
    03:11

Introduction to T Lymphocytes

  • Cytotoxic T Cells vs. Helper T Cells
    05:58
  • T-Cell Receptors
    05:18
  • Naive T Cells Become Effector & Memory T Cells
    07:56

Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells

  • Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells
    04:27
  • Comic Strip for T Cell Functions
    02:58

Introduction to B Lymphocytes

  • B cell Receptors
    04:37
  • Naive B cells Become Effector (Plasma) Cells & Memory Cells
    04:23
  • Introduction to B Lymphocytes
    03:55

Clonal Selection

  • Clonal Selection
    06:43

Affinity Maturation

  • Affinity Maturation
    07:27

Activation of T Lymphocytes

  • Activation of T Lymphocytes
    07:33
  • Comic Strip for T Cell Activation
    03:29

Functions of T Lymphocytes

  • Functions of Helper T Cells (TH):Activation of Macrophages
    05:18
  • Types of Helper T Cells (TH)
    03:19
  • Functions of Cytotoxic T Cells (Tc)
    06:21

Regulatory T Cells

  • Regulatory T Cells
    03:53

Natural Killer Cells

  • Natural Killer Cells
    06:53

Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity

  • Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity
    06:59

Review of Adaptive Immunity

  • Review of Adaptive Immunity
    09:20

Types of Acquired Immunity

  • Types of Acquired Immunity: Natural vs. Artificial
    02:31
  • 4 Types of Acquired Immunity
    03:52
  • Types of Acquired Immunity: Active vs. Passive
    02:21