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BIOL 2210 Midterm Exam I: Microbiology Core Concepts and Applications

Study Guide - Learn with Videos

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Introduction to Chemical Bonding

Hydrogen Bonding

Introduction to Biomolecules

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

Introduction to Microscopes

Light Microscopy: Bright-Field Microscopes

Electron Microscopes

Introduction to Staining

Differential Staining

Gram Stain

Cell Envelope & Biological Membranes

Bacterial & Eukaryotic Cell Membranes

Introduction to Membrane Transport

Passive vs. Active Transport

Osmosis

Introduction to Cultivating Microbial Growth

Types of Solid Culture Media

Selective Media

Differential Media

Introduction to Energy

ATP

Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Chemiosmosis

Introduction to Photosynthesis

Introduction to Microbial Genetics

Introduction to DNA Replication

Central Dogma

Introduction to Transcription

Introduction to Translation

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression

Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons

The Lac Operon

The Trp Operon

Introduction to Viruses

Introduction to Bacteriophage Infections

Bacteriophage: Lytic Phage Infections

Introduction to Animal Virus Infections

Animal Viruses: 1. Attachment to the Host Cell

Animal Viruses: 2. Entry & Uncoating in the Host Cell

Animal Viruses: 3. Synthesis & Replication

Animal Viruses: DNA Virus Synthesis & Replication

Animal Viruses: RNA Virus Synthesis & Replication

Animal Viruses: Antigenic Drift vs. Antigenic Shift

Animal Viruses: Reverse-Transcribing Virus Synthesis & Replication

Animal Viruses: 4. Assembly Inside Host Cell

Animal Viruses: 5. Release from Host Cell

Introduction to Controlling Microbial Growth

Selecting a Method to Control Microbial Growth

Physical Methods to Control Microbial Growth

Chemical Methods to Control Microbial Growth

Chemicals Used to Control Microbial Growth

Liquid Chemicals: Alcohols, Aldehydes, & Biguanides

Liquid Chemicals: Halogens

Liquid Chemicals: Surface-Active Agents

Chemical Gases: Ethylene Oxide, Ozone, & Formaldehyde

Introduction to Antimicrobial Drugs

How Antimicrobial Drugs Work

Broad vs Narrow Spectrum Drugs

Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin

Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

Disruptors of Cell Membranes

Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis

Competitive Inhibitors of Metabolic Pathways

Antimicrobial Resistance