Question 1

Which of the following best supports the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Both organelles contain circular DNA similar to prokaryotes.

Question 2

Which statement correctly describes the genetic material found in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes have a single, circular DNA molecule located in the nucleoid.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing lipids and detoxifying chemicals

Question 4

A scientist discovers a cell with the following characteristics: no membrane-bound organelles, circular DNA, and 70S ribosomes. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 5

Which process is used by prokaryotes to reproduce and does NOT involve mitosis or meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Binary fission

Question 6

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic flagella is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic flagella are powered by ATP and move by undulation.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct complementary base pairing in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T)

Question 8

Which type of ribosome is responsible for synthesizing proteins that function inside the cytosol?

Accepted Answer

Free ribosomes

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of fungal cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Cell walls made of chitin

Question 10

A patient with a weakened immune system develops a fungal infection. What is the term for this type of infection?

Accepted Answer

Opportunistic mycosis

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a type of eukaryotic cytoskeleton element?

Accepted Answer

Flagellin filaments

Question 12

Which process involves the cell taking in materials by engulfing them with its membrane?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 13

Which of the following statements about plasmids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic plasmids are small, circular, extra-chromosomal DNA molecules.

Question 14

Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes have one circular chromosome, eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Ribose sugar

Question 16

Which of the following bases is found in RNA but NOT in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil (U)

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the nucleoid is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is found in prokaryotes and is not surrounded by a membrane.

Question 18

Which equation correctly represents the complementary base pairing in DNA?

Accepted Answer

$A = T, G = C$

Question 19

Which process is responsible for the release of neurotransmitters from a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of microtubules in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Forming the mitotic spindle during cell division

Cell Structure, Genetic Material, and Microbial Diversity: Microbiology Study Notes

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