Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 2

Which scientist is credited with disproving the theory of spontaneous generation using a swan-neck flask experiment?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the normal microbiota in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Causing infectious diseases under all circumstances

Question 4

Which of the following best describes Koch’s postulates?

Accepted Answer

A series of steps to prove that a specific microorganism causes a specific disease

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct example of binomial nomenclature for naming microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

$Escherichia~coli$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about viruses is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Viruses can only reproduce within host cells.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections?

Accepted Answer

Viruses lack the cellular structures targeted by antibiotics.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a beneficial application of microbes in the food industry?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation to produce cheese and yogurt

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of microbes in bioremediation?

Accepted Answer

Microbes are used to remove environmental pollutants by breaking them down into less harmful substances.

Question 10

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of archaea compared to bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Archaea can survive in extreme environments such as hot springs and salt lakes.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an emerging infectious disease (EID)?

Accepted Answer

COVID-19

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of bacterial enzymes in sewage treatment?

Accepted Answer

They convert liquid and organic materials into useful products.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about synthetic drugs?

Accepted Answer

They are produced in the laboratory from chemicals.

Question 14

Which of the following is a reason why normal microbiota are considered beneficial to humans?

Accepted Answer

They help prevent the growth of pathogenic microbes.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of the Gram stain?

Accepted Answer

A technique used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall composition.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a eukaryotic microorganism?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why handwashing is important in preventing the spread of infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

Handwashing removes transient microbiota that may include pathogens.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about biofilms?

Accepted Answer

Biofilms are microbial communities that can protect microbes from harmful substances.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

It involves transferring genetic material from one organism into the DNA of another to produce useful products.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct example of a synthetic antibiotic?

Accepted Answer

Sulfa drugs

Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You – Comprehensive Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions