Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of 'clonality' in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Once activated by a specific antigen, B or T cells multiply to produce many identical cells targeting that antigen.

Question 2

Which antibody class is most effective at activating complement and is the first produced during an infection?

Accepted Answer

IgM

Question 3

A patient receives an injection of gamma globulins after exposure to rabies. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of antibodies in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Neutralizing toxins and pathogens by binding to them

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for cell-mediated immunity and matures in the thymus?

Accepted Answer

T lymphocytes

Question 6

A newborn receives antibodies from its mother through breast milk. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of MHC I molecules?

Accepted Answer

They are found on all nucleated cells and present endogenous antigens to cytotoxic T cells.

Question 8

Which lymphocyte type is characterized by the secretion of Interleukin 10 and helps suppress overactive immune responses?

Accepted Answer

Regulatory T cell (Tr)

Question 9

A person is exposed to a virus and later develops long-term immunity due to memory cells. Which process is responsible?

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired active immunity

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells in adults

Question 11

Which antibody class is most abundant in blood and can cross the placenta to protect newborns?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of clonal deletion in the thymus?

Accepted Answer

Elimination of T cells that strongly recognize self-antigens

Question 13

Which of the following is a unique feature of Helper T cell type 2 (Th2) compared to Th1?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of Interleukin 4 and 5

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct pairing of antibody function and description?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination: Antibodies cause pathogens to clump together, making them easier to remove

Question 15

Which cell type is most important for presenting antigens to Helper T cells and initiating adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic cells

Question 16

A patient receives a kidney transplant. Which molecules are most important in determining tissue compatibility?

Accepted Answer

MHC molecules

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the fate of a T cell in the thymus that recognizes MHC but not self-antigens?

Accepted Answer

It survives and becomes part of the functional T cell repertoire

Question 18

Which antibody class is primarily found in mucus, saliva, and breast milk, and protects mucosal surfaces?

Accepted Answer

IgA

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why T cells require antigen presentation by MHC molecules?

Accepted Answer

T cells can only recognize antigens when they are displayed on the surface of cells by MHC molecules.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct match between a lymphocyte type, its surface glycoprotein, and its notable secretion?

Accepted Answer

Helper T cell type 1 (Th1): CD4, distinctive TCR, and Interleukin 2

Chapter 16: Adaptive Immunity – Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions