Question 1

Which of the following best describes why viruses are considered obligate intracellular parasites?

Accepted Answer

They require a host cell's machinery to replicate their genetic material and produce new viral particles.

Question 2

During the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage, what is the primary function of lysozyme?

Accepted Answer

To drill a hole through the bacterial cell wall, facilitating viral entry.

Question 3

Which step is unique to the replication of animal viruses compared to bacteriophages?

Accepted Answer

Uncoating of the viral capsid after entry.

Question 4

A scientist is culturing a virus that infects plants. Which of the following methods would be most appropriate for culturing this virus?

Accepted Answer

Using plant tissue cultures.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about prions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Prions are infectious proteins that can cause diseases such as Mad Cow.

Question 6

In the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage, which step immediately follows the synthesis of viral components?

Accepted Answer

Assembly of new bacteriophages.

Question 7

An enveloped animal virus enters a host cell primarily by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Fusion with the host cell membrane.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains how viruses can contribute to the formation of cancer?

Accepted Answer

By combining with the host cell's genetic material and potentially disrupting normal cell regulation.

Question 9

A non-enveloped animal virus is released from the host cell by which process?

Accepted Answer

Bursting (lysis) of the host cell.

Question 10

If a bacteriophage enters the lysogenic cycle, what happens after entry into the host cell?

Accepted Answer

The bacteriophage becomes dormant within the host cell.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a component of viral anatomy?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Question 12

A virus is classified as a bacteriophage if it infects which type of cell?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial cells

Question 13

During the replication of an animal virus, what is the main difference in the release step between enveloped and non-enveloped viruses?

Accepted Answer

Enveloped viruses are released by budding, while non-enveloped viruses are released by cell lysis.

Question 14

Which of the following equations best represents the exponential increase in viral particles during the lytic cycle, assuming each infected cell produces $$n$$ new viruses and $$m$$ cells are infected?

Accepted Answer

$$V = n 	imes m$$

Question 15

A patient is diagnosed with Mad Cow disease. Which infectious agent is responsible for this condition?

Accepted Answer

A prion

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the genetic material found in viruses?

Accepted Answer

Viruses contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material.

Question 17

A researcher wants to culture a bacteriophage. Which of the following would be the most appropriate host?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial cells

Question 18

Which of the following steps is skipped during the lysogenic cycle of an animal virus after uncoating?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of viral components

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible reason why prions are more difficult to destroy than viruses?

Accepted Answer

Prions lack nucleic acids and are resistant to standard sterilization methods that target DNA or RNA.

Question 20

A virus infects a host cell and becomes dormant after entry. Which cycle is this virus most likely undergoing?

Accepted Answer

Lysogenic cycle

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions - CH 13

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