Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between matter, chemical elements, and atoms as depicted in the first image?

Accepted Answer

Matter is made of chemical elements, which are made of atoms.

Question 2

Based on the second image, which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the composition of a diamond and a honey bee?

Accepted Answer

Diamonds are composed of carbon atoms, while honey bees contain compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Question 3

Referencing the third image, which subatomic particle has a negative electric charge and almost no mass?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Question 4

According to the fourth image, where are protons and neutrons located within an atom?

Accepted Answer

In the nucleus

Question 5

Based on the periodic table in the fifth image, which elements are considered trace elements in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Elements highlighted in blue

Question 6

Using the sixth image, what is the atomic number of carbon and what does it represent?

Accepted Answer

6; the number of protons

Question 7

Refer to the seventh image. How many electrons are present in the second shell of a nitrogen atom?

Accepted Answer

5

Question 8

According to the eighth image, what rule explains why atoms react to fill their outermost electron shell?

Accepted Answer

Octet Rule

Question 9

Based on the ninth image, why is neon (Ne) chemically unreactive?

Accepted Answer

Its valence shell is full.

Question 10

Using the tenth image, how many protons does an oxygen atom have?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 11

Referencing the eleventh image, what is the main difference between carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14?

Accepted Answer

They have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 12

Based on the twelfth image, what is released when a radioactive atom decays?

Accepted Answer

Energy and particles

Question 13

According to the thirteenth image, which of the following is a practical use of radioactive isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Medical imaging and dating fossils

Question 14

Refer to the fourteenth image. What does the chemical formula $$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$ represent?

Accepted Answer

A molecule of glucose

Question 15

Based on the fifteenth image, what is the difference between intramolecular and intermolecular bonds?

Accepted Answer

Intramolecular bonds occur within a molecule; intermolecular bonds occur between molecules.

Question 16

According to the sixteenth image, what type of bond is shown between the two HF molecules?

Accepted Answer

Intermolecular bond

Question 17

Referencing the seventeenth image, what type of partial charges are present in a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\delta^+$$ and $$\delta^-$$

Question 18

Based on the eighteenth image, which type of bond involves equal sharing of electrons?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 19

According to the nineteenth image, which type of bond is formed between sodium and chloride ions in table salt?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 20

Referencing the twentieth image, which atom is most likely to lose an electron and become a cation with a +1 charge?

Accepted Answer

A

Chemical Principles of Microbiology: Atoms, Elements, and Chemical Bonds

Study Guide - Practice Questions