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Comprehensive Study Guidance for Microbiology Exam (Chapters 15–18)

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Introduction to Innate Immunity

  • Introduction to Innate Immunity
    02:30
  • Map of Lesson on Innate Immunity
    06:42

First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers

  • Chemical Defenses: Gastric Juice Prevents Microbial Growth by Lowering pH
    02:07
  • Chemical Defenses: Earwax Prevents Microbial Growth by Controlling pH
    02:18
  • Chemical Defenses: Sweat Glands Prevent Microbial Growth by Perspiration
    02:04

First-Line Defenses: Normal Microbiota

  • Normal Microbiota
    03:43

Cells of the Immune System: Granulocytes

  • Granulocytes
    03:32
  • Neutrophils
    05:32
  • Basophils
    03:23

Cells of the Immune System: Agranulocytes

  • Monocytes
    07:16
  • Introduction to Lymphocytes
    03:51
  • Agranulocytes
    03:43

Phagoctytosis

  • Steps of Phagocytosis
    08:57
  • Phagoctytosis
    02:19

Introduction to the Complement System

  • Map of the Lesson on the Complement System
    03:25
  • Introduction to the Complement System
    04:25
  • Proteins of the Complement System
    04:16

Activation Pathways of the Complement System

  • 2) Lectin Pathway
    03:04
  • 1) Alternative Pathway
    04:40
  • 3) Classical Pathway
    03:42

Effects of the Complement System

  • 1) Opsonization
    04:09
  • 2) Cell Lysis of Invading Microbes
    03:18
  • Effects of the Complement System
    01:32

Interferon Response

  • Interferon Response
    01:32
  • Steps of the Interferon Response
    09:59

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

  • Overview of Adaptive Immunity
    04:57
  • Primary vs. Secondary Lymphoid Organs
    04:58
  • Introduction to Adaptive Immunity
    05:47

Antigens

  • Free Antigens vs. Presented Antigens on APCs
    04:11
  • Antigens
    03:59

Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules

  • Classes of MHC Molecules
    07:17
  • Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
    02:31

Introduction to T Lymphocytes

  • Cytotoxic T Cells vs. Helper T Cells
    05:58
  • T-Cell Receptors
    05:18
  • Naive T Cells Become Effector & Memory T Cells
    07:56

Activation of T Lymphocytes

  • Activation of T Lymphocytes
    07:33
  • Comic Strip for T Cell Activation
    03:29

Functions of T Lymphocytes

  • Functions of Helper T Cells (TH):Activation of Macrophages
    05:18
  • Types of Helper T Cells (TH)
    03:19
  • Functions of Cytotoxic T Cells (Tc)
    06:21

Introduction to B Lymphocytes

  • B cell Receptors
    04:37
  • Naive B cells Become Effector (Plasma) Cells & Memory Cells
    04:23
  • Introduction to B Lymphocytes
    03:55

Antibodies

  • Antibody Structure
    05:40
  • Antibody Diversity
    02:34
  • Antibodies
    00:48

Classes of Antibodies

  • IgE
    02:45
  • IgA
    02:44
  • Classes of Antibodies
    04:43

Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity

  • Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity
    06:59

Introduction to Vaccines

  • History of Vaccines
    04:19
  • 2 Types of Vaccines
    02:03

Attenuated Vaccines

  • Attenuated Vaccines
    03:06

Inactivated Vaccines

  • Inactivated Vaccines Example 1
    02:12
  • Inactivated Vaccines Example 2
    01:23
  • Review of Attenuated & Inactivated Vaccines
    03:40

Immunoassay: ELISA

  • Indirect ELISA
    02:50
  • Immunoassay: ELISA
    04:29
  • Direct ELISA (via "Sandwich" Method)
    03:56

Introduction to Hypersensitivites

  • Overview: Hypersensitivities & Sensitization
    05:35
  • Introduction to Immunological Disorders
    02:03

Type I Hypersensitivities

  • Diagnosing & Treating Allergies
    04:31
  • Type I Hypersensitivities Example 3
    02:23
  • Type I Hypersensitivities Example 2
    01:52

Type II Hypersensitivities

  • Type II Hypersensitivity
    06:45
  • Type II Hypersensitivities Example 1
    02:17
  • Improper Blood Transfusion Reactions
    03:07

Type III Hypersensitivities

  • Steps of Immune Complex- Mediated Hypersensitivity
    02:22
  • Type III Hypersensitivities Example 1
    01:20
  • Type III (Immune Complex-Mediated) Hypersensitivity
    04:21

Type IV Hypersensitivities

  • Type IV Hypersensitivity
    04:10
  • Type IV Hypersensitivities Example 1
    01:53
  • 1) Contact Dermatitis
    03:47

Autoimmune Diseases

  • Examples of Autoimmune Diseases
    03:36
  • Autoimmune Diseases
    03:40
  • Factors Contributing to Autoimmune Diseases
    03:09

Immunodeficiency Disorders

  • Secondary Immunodeficiencies
    02:41
  • Immunodeficiency Disorders Example 1
    02:05
  • Immunodeficiency Disorders
    03:13