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Comprehensive Study Guide: Key Concepts in Microbiology (Chapters 1, 4-10, 12-20)

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Introduction to Taxonomy

  • Introduction to Taxonomy Example 2
    01:37
  • Categorizing Life Based on Energy Acquisition
    06:14
  • Introduction to Taxonomy
    02:23

Scientific Naming of Organisms

  • Scientific Naming of Organisms
    05:22

Members of the Bacterial World

  • Members of the Bacterial World
    06:17

Introduction to Bacteria

  • Introduction to Bacteria
    06:18

Introduction to Archaea

  • Introduction to Archaea
    04:39

Introduction to Eukarya

  • Helminths
    01:27
  • Fungi
    02:49
  • Introduction to Eukarya
    03:28

Acellular Infectious Agents: Viruses, Viroids & Prions

  • Viruses
    03:22
  • Prions
    02:48
  • Acellular Infectious Agents: Viruses, Viroids & Prions
    02:54

Bacterial Cell Morphology & Arrangements

  • Types of Bacterial Cell Morphology
    02:44
  • Bacterial Cell Morphology & Arrangements
    01:13
  • Bacilli Bacterial Cell Arrangements
    03:56

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

  • Recap:Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
    04:26
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls

  • Mnemonic for Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls
    01:41
  • Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls
    04:46

Glycolysis

  • Phases of Glycolysis
    05:57
  • Glycolysis Example 1
    01:29
  • Remembering Phases of Glycolysis
    02:49

Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

  • Lactic Acid Fermentation
    03:33
  • What Happens to Aerobic Organisms if There's No Oxygen?
    07:50
  • Alcohol Fermentation
    01:59

Introduction to Photosynthesis

  • Introduction to Photosynthesis
    03:32
  • Photosynthesis is a Redox Reaction
    03:20
  • Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
    07:55

Temperature Requirements for Microbial Growth

  • Temperature Requirements for Microbial Growth
    04:16
  • Classification of Microbes by Growth Temperature
    04:56
  • How to Memorize the Classification of Microbes by Growth Temperatures
    01:59

Biofilms

  • Quorum Sensing
    04:13
  • Steps of Biofilm Development
    04:32
  • Biofilms
    03:14

Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth

  • Reactive Oxygen Species
    04:43
  • Oxygen Requirement Classes of Microbes
    07:27
  • Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
    03:52

Introduction to Cultivating Microbial Growth

  • Map of Techniques for Cultivating Microbes
    02:05
  • Introduction to Cultivating Microbial Growth
    03:49

Introduction to Controlling Microbial Growth

  • Terminology of Microbial Growth Control
    07:36
  • Hierarchy of Microbial Growth Control Terminology
    03:09
  • Situations Warranting Different Levels of Microbial Growth Control
    05:58

Physical Methods to Control Microbial Growth

  • Dry Heat
    02:58
  • Irradiation
    06:18
  • Filtration
    04:29

Chemical Methods to Control Microbial Growth

  • Types of Disinfectants
    05:21
  • Selecting the Right Chemical Agent
    04:52
  • Chemical Methods to Control Microbial Growth
    03:58

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

  • Guided course
    Normal Microbiota of the Digestive Tract
    04:54

Introduction to DNA Replication

  • Unwinding the DNA:Topoisomerase, Helicase & SSBs
    05:10
  • Components of DNA Replication
    04:47
  • Origin of Replication
    03:33

DNA Polymerases

  • DNA Polymerase Distinguishes Template from New Strand via Methylation
    03:47
  • DNA Polymerases Requirements
    05:03
  • DNA Polymerases
    04:01

Steps of DNA Replication

  • Steps of DNA Replication
    09:29

Central Dogma

  • Central Dogma
    05:45

Introduction to Transcription

  • Overview of Transcription
    07:44
  • Introduction to Transcription
    05:51

Steps of Transcription

  • Elongation of Transcription
    02:44
  • Initiation of Transcription
    04:16
  • Elongation of Transcription
    04:01

Introduction to Translation

  • Ribosomal tRNA Binding Sites
    06:16
  • Ribosome Subunits
    08:42
  • Introduction to Translation
    06:12

Steps of Translation

  • Elongation of Translation
    04:59
  • Termination of Translation
    02:16
  • Steps of Translation
    05:03

Prokaryotic Gene Expression

  • Location of Transcription & Translation
    03:17
  • Simultaneous Transcription & Translation in Prokaryotes
    03:34
  • Prokaryotic Sigma (σ) Factors
    05:00

Review of Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Gene Expression

  • Review of Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Gene Expression
    05:30

Introduction to Microbial Genetics

  • Map of the Lesson on Microbial Genetics
    02:04
  • Introduction to Microbial Genetics
    04:20

Horizontal Gene Transfer

  • Fates of Horizontally Transferred DNA
    03:13
  • Horizontal Gene Transfer
    04:42
  • Integration of DNA via Homologous Recombination
    02:52

Bacterial Transformation

  • Bacterial Transformation
    03:06
  • Mechanism of Natural Transformation
    03:49

Introduction to DNA-Based Technology

  • Map of DNA-Based Technology Lesson
    03:12
  • Introduction to DNA-Based Technology
    02:30

Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction

  • Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction
    01:31
  • Components of a Polymerase Chain Reaction
    05:57
  • Why do we use PCR?
    02:53

The Steps of PCR

  • 1) Denaturation
    03:33
  • 2) Annealing
    02:56
  • The Steps of PCR
    04:39

Gel Electrophoresis

  • Gel Electrophoresis
    07:58
  • Gel Electrophoresis Example 1
    02:34

Introduction to Viruses

  • General Structure of Viruses
    04:47
  • Three Common Shapes of Viruses
    03:19
  • Enveloped vs. Non-Enveloped Viruses
    05:09

Introduction to Bacteriophage Infections

  • Map of Lesson on Bacteriophage Infections
    03:52
  • Productive vs. Latent State Infections
    04:09
  • Lytic & Lysogenic Bacteriophages
    04:34

Bacteriophage: Lytic Phage Infections

  • Bacteriophage: Lytic Phage Infections
    04:58

Bacteriophage: Lysogenic Phage Infections

  • Bacteriophage: Lysogenic Phage Infections
    05:27
  • Lysogenic Conversion
    03:37

Introduction to Animal Virus Infections

  • Introduction to Animal Virus Infections
    02:33
  • Memorizing the Steps of Animal Virus Infections
    01:40

Acute vs. Persistent Viral Infections

  • Acute Viral Infections
    03:29
  • Persistent Viral Infections
    05:12
  • Acute vs. Persistent Viral Infections
    02:59

Characteristics of Infectious Disease

  • Primary vs. Secondary Infections
    04:16
  • Communicable vs. Noncommunicable Diseases
    04:57
  • Intro to Characteristics of Infectious Disease
    05:09

Stages of Infectious Disease Progression

  • Stages of Infectious Disease Progression
    05:36
  • Chronic & Latent Infection Disease Progression
    05:14

Bacterial Pathogenesis

  • Intro to Bacterial Pathogenesis
    02:35
  • 1) Exposure to Pathogen
    03:27
  • 3) Invasion into Host Tissues
    05:38

Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins

  • Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins
    03:40

Exotoxins Cause Damage to the Host

  • 1) A-B Toxins
    04:44
  • Types of Exotoxins
    03:30
  • 3) Superantigens
    03:59

Endotoxin Causes Damage to the Host

  • Endotoxin
    02:46
  • Lipid A Causes Septic Shock
    03:24

Introduction to Immunity

  • Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity
    05:52
  • Antigens & Antibodies
    02:58

Introduction to Innate Immunity

  • Introduction to Innate Immunity
    02:30
  • Map of Lesson on Innate Immunity
    06:42

Introduction to First-Line Defenses

  • Introduction to First-Line Defenses
    01:56
  • Map of the Lesson on First-Line Defenses
    01:37

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin

  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    01:28
  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    04:08

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Mucous Membrane

  • Peristalsis & Mucociliary Escalator
    04:16
  • Mucous Membranes
    02:34

First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers

  • Chemical Defenses: Gastric Juice Prevents Microbial Growth by Lowering pH
    02:07
  • Chemical Defenses: Earwax Prevents Microbial Growth by Controlling pH
    02:18
  • Chemical Defenses: Sweat Glands Prevent Microbial Growth by Perspiration
    02:04

First-Line Defenses: Normal Microbiota

  • Normal Microbiota
    03:43

Introduction to Cells of the Immune System

  • Introduction to Cells of the Immune System
    03:27
  • Map of the Lesson on Cells of the Immune System
    06:08
  • Hematopoiesis
    02:33

Cells of the Immune System: Granulocytes

  • Granulocytes
    03:32
  • Neutrophils
    05:32
  • Basophils
    03:23

Cells of the Immune System: Agranulocytes

  • Monocytes
    07:16
  • Introduction to Lymphocytes
    03:51
  • Agranulocytes
    03:43

Phagoctytosis

  • Steps of Phagocytosis
    08:57
  • Phagoctytosis
    02:19

Introduction to Inflammation

  • Types of Inflammatory Responses
    02:52
  • Introduction to Inflammation
    01:38
  • Chronic Inflammation
    03:09

Steps of the Inflammatory Response

  • 2) Release of Inflammatory Mediators & Other Cytokines
    02:15
  • Damaging Effects of the Inflammatory Response
    02:10
  • 3) Vasodilation
    02:39

Introduction to the Complement System

  • Map of the Lesson on the Complement System
    03:25
  • Introduction to the Complement System
    04:25
  • Proteins of the Complement System
    04:16

Activation Pathways of the Complement System

  • 2) Lectin Pathway
    03:04
  • 1) Alternative Pathway
    04:40
  • 3) Classical Pathway
    03:42

Effects of the Complement System

  • 1) Opsonization
    04:09
  • 2) Cell Lysis of Invading Microbes
    03:18
  • Effects of the Complement System
    01:32

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

  • Overview of Adaptive Immunity
    04:57
  • Primary vs. Secondary Lymphoid Organs
    04:58
  • Introduction to Adaptive Immunity
    05:47

Antigens

  • Free Antigens vs. Presented Antigens on APCs
    04:11
  • Antigens
    03:59

Introduction to T Lymphocytes

  • Cytotoxic T Cells vs. Helper T Cells
    05:58
  • T-Cell Receptors
    05:18
  • Naive T Cells Become Effector & Memory T Cells
    07:56

Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules

  • Classes of MHC Molecules
    07:17
  • Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
    02:31

Activation of T Lymphocytes

  • Activation of T Lymphocytes
    07:33
  • Comic Strip for T Cell Activation
    03:29

Functions of T Lymphocytes

  • Functions of Helper T Cells (TH):Activation of Macrophages
    05:18
  • Types of Helper T Cells (TH)
    03:19
  • Functions of Cytotoxic T Cells (Tc)
    06:21

Introduction to B Lymphocytes

  • B cell Receptors
    04:37
  • Naive B cells Become Effector (Plasma) Cells & Memory Cells
    04:23
  • Introduction to B Lymphocytes
    03:55

Antibodies

  • Antibody Structure
    05:40
  • Antibody Diversity
    02:34
  • Antibodies
    00:48

Classes of Antibodies

  • IgE
    02:45
  • IgA
    02:44
  • Classes of Antibodies
    04:43

Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen

  • Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen
    09:16

Types of Acquired Immunity

  • Types of Acquired Immunity: Natural vs. Artificial
    02:31
  • 4 Types of Acquired Immunity
    03:52
  • Types of Acquired Immunity: Active vs. Passive
    02:21

Introduction to Vaccines

  • History of Vaccines
    04:19
  • 2 Types of Vaccines
    02:03

Attenuated Vaccines

  • Attenuated Vaccines
    03:06

Inactivated Vaccines

  • Inactivated Vaccines Example 1
    02:12
  • Inactivated Vaccines Example 2
    01:23
  • Review of Attenuated & Inactivated Vaccines
    03:40

Immunotherapy: Monoclonal Antibodies

  • Large-Scale Production on Monoclonal Antibodies
    03:04
  • Immunotherapy: Monoclonal Antibodies Example 1
    02:23
  • Immunotherapy: Monoclonal Antibodies
    02:28

Immunoassay: ELISA

  • Indirect ELISA
    02:50
  • Immunoassay: ELISA
    04:29
  • Direct ELISA (via "Sandwich" Method)
    03:56

Introduction to Hypersensitivites

  • Overview: Hypersensitivities & Sensitization
    05:35
  • Introduction to Immunological Disorders
    02:03

Type I Hypersensitivities

  • Diagnosing & Treating Allergies
    04:31
  • Type I Hypersensitivities Example 3
    02:23
  • Type I Hypersensitivities Example 2
    01:52

Type II Hypersensitivities

  • Type II Hypersensitivity
    06:45
  • Type II Hypersensitivities Example 1
    02:17
  • Improper Blood Transfusion Reactions
    03:07

Type III Hypersensitivities

  • Steps of Immune Complex- Mediated Hypersensitivity
    02:22
  • Type III Hypersensitivities Example 1
    01:20
  • Type III (Immune Complex-Mediated) Hypersensitivity
    04:21

Type IV Hypersensitivities

  • Type IV Hypersensitivity
    04:10
  • Type IV Hypersensitivities Example 1
    01:53
  • 1) Contact Dermatitis
    03:47

Autoimmune Diseases

  • Examples of Autoimmune Diseases
    03:36
  • Autoimmune Diseases
    03:40
  • Factors Contributing to Autoimmune Diseases
    03:09

Immunodeficiency Disorders

  • Secondary Immunodeficiencies
    02:41
  • Immunodeficiency Disorders Example 1
    02:05
  • Immunodeficiency Disorders
    03:13

Introduction to Antimicrobial Drugs

  • Guided course
    History of Antimicrobial Drugs
    05:33

How Antimicrobial Drugs Work

  • Guided course
    Selective Toxicity
    05:27
  • Guided course
    How Antimicrobial Drugs Work Example 1
    03:28

Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin

  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin Example 3
    04:02
  • Guided course
    Other Beta-lactam Antibiotics
    04:51
  • Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin Example 2
    02:21

Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis
    05:25
  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis Example 1
    03:04

Disruptors of Cell Membranes

  • Guided course
    Disruptors of Cell Membranes
    04:03

Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis

  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis Example 1
    02:21
  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis
    05:01

Competitive Inhibitors of Metabolic Pathways

  • Guided course
    Competitive Inhibitors of Metabolic Pathways Example 1
    02:36
  • Guided course
    Sulfa Drugs & Folic Acid Synthesis
    05:22

Antifungal Drugs

  • Guided course
    Antifungal Drugs
    06:43
  • Guided course
    Antifungal Drugs Example 1
    02:06

Antiviral Drugs

  • Guided course
    Antiviral Drugs
    07:25

Antimicrobial Resistance

  • Guided course
    Types of Resistance Mechanisms
    05:04
  • Guided course
    Spread of Antibiotic Resistance
    04:45
  • Guided course
    Antibiotic Resistance
    03:45