Question 1

Which structural defect of the penis is characterized by the urethral opening on the ventral (underside) surface, and what is a common complication associated with this condition?

Accepted Answer

Hypospadias; abnormal urine stream and fertility issues

Question 2

A patient presents with a painful, bent erection and a palpable hard lump on the shaft of the penis. Which disorder is most likely responsible, and what is the underlying pathological process?

Accepted Answer

Peyronie disease; fibrosis and plaque formation in the tunica albuginea

Question 3

Which of the following is a medical emergency due to the risk of compromised blood flow to the glans penis?

Accepted Answer

Paraphimosis

Question 4

Which component is directly responsible for the relaxation of the corpora cavernosa during an erection?

Accepted Answer

Trabecular smooth muscle

Question 5

A 55-year-old male with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus develops erectile dysfunction. Which mechanism best explains this complication?

Accepted Answer

Damage to small blood vessels and nerves impairs penile blood flow

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a physical (organic) cause of erectile dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

Performance anxiety

Question 7

A patient presents with a persistent, painful erection lasting more than 4 hours. Laboratory tests reveal venous outflow obstruction in the corpora cavernosa. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Ischemic (low-flow) priapism

Question 8

Which blood disorder is most commonly associated with secondary priapism due to increased blood viscosity?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell disease

Question 9

Which of the following risk factors is most strongly associated with the development of penile cancer?

Accepted Answer

Poor hygiene and chronic inflammation

Question 10

A 2-year-old boy is diagnosed with cryptorchidism. What is the most significant long-term consequence if left untreated?

Accepted Answer

Infertility due to higher internal body temperature

Question 11

Which scrotal disorder is characterized by painless cyst formation near the epididymis and is filled with sperm?

Accepted Answer

Spermatocele

Question 12

A young man presents with sudden, severe scrotal pain, redness, and swelling. Doppler ultrasound shows compromised blood flow to the testicle. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Testicular torsion

Question 13

Which of the following is a common cause of epididymitis in sexually active young men?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial infection, often due to sexually transmitted pathogens

Question 14

Which of the following is a major risk factor for testicular cancer?

Accepted Answer

Cryptorchidism (undescended testicle)

Question 15

A patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty with urine elimination due to urethral compression

Question 16

Which dietary factor is considered protective against prostate cancer?

Accepted Answer

Foods rich in lycopene, selenium, and vitamin E

Question 17

A male patient presents with a painless lump in one testicle and a dull ache in the lower abdomen. Which diagnosis should be considered first?

Accepted Answer

Testicular cancer

Question 18

Which equation best represents the relationship between blood flow ($$Q$$), vessel radius ($$r$$), and resistance ($$R) in $$the context of erectile dysfunction due to vascular causes?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = \frac{\pi r^4$ \Delta P}{8 \eta L}$$

Question 19

A patient with chronic balanoposthitis is at increased risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Penile cancer due to chronic inflammation and poor hygiene

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why varicocele can lead to infertility?

Accepted Answer

Enlarged veins increase scrotal temperature, impairing spermatogenesis

43 patho

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