Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)?

Accepted Answer

BMR is the energy expended at complete rest in a thermoneutral environment, while RMR is the energy expended at rest but not under strict conditions.

Question 2

A patient is trying to lose weight and wants to know how many calories are in one pound of body fat. What is the approximate caloric value of one pound of body fat?

Accepted Answer

$$3500$$ kcal

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a primary component of total energy expenditure (TEE)?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen Storage

Question 4

A person consumes $$2500$$ kcal per day. If their BMR accounts for $$60\% of $$their total energy expenditure, how many kcal are used for BMR daily?

Accepted Answer

$$1500$$ kcal

Question 5

Which hormone is most directly involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Question 6

Which of the following statements about body fat content is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Women generally have a higher percentage of body fat than men, partly due to reproductive needs.

Question 7

Which of the following is a reliable method for measuring body fat percentage?

Accepted Answer

Skinfold thickness measurements

Question 8

Food insecurity can lead to which of the following outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of chronic diseases and poor health outcomes

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of anorexia nervosa?

Accepted Answer

Extreme restriction of food intake leading to significantly low body weight

Question 10

Which of the following is considered a complex carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 11

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates for adults?

Accepted Answer

$$45\% to$$ $$65\% of $$total daily calories

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between alpha and beta glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Alpha bonds are easily digested by humans, while beta bonds are not.

Question 13

Which of the following is a dietary source of insoluble fiber?

Accepted Answer

Wheat bran

Question 14

A patient is diagnosed with lactose intolerance. Which enzyme is deficient in this condition?

Accepted Answer

Lactase

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of triglycerides in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing energy for later use

Question 16

Which fatty acid is considered essential and must be obtained from the diet?

Accepted Answer

Linoleic acid

Question 17

Which process converts unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids by adding hydrogen atoms?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogenation

Question 18

Which lipoprotein is primarily responsible for transporting cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver?

Accepted Answer

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

Question 19

A diet high in saturated fat is most likely to increase which type of blood lipoprotein, raising cardiovascular risk?

Accepted Answer

LDL

Question 20

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

High blood cholesterol due to diet

Energy Balance, Body Composition, Carbohydrates, and Lipids: Study Guide

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