Question 1

A woman uses a home pregnancy test that detects HCG hormone in urine. She knows this is a type of antibody assay. Antibodies reacting with the hormone produce two lines on the test strip. What specific type of antibody assay does this represent?

Accepted Answer

an ELISA

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding ELISAs is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They can be used to detect antibody or antigen.

Question 3

Contact immunity within a population can be produced by ________ vaccines.

Accepted Answer

attenuated

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding an inactivated vaccine is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

It is made from mutated forms of the pathogen.

Question 5

Clonal deletion of developing T lymphocytes takes place in which location(s) in the body?

Accepted Answer

the thymus

Question 6

The most prevalent antibody class in the blood is

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 7

Which of the following is an exogenous antigen?

Accepted Answer

a bacterium outside a cell

Question 8

Class I MHC molecules are essential for

Accepted Answer

presentation of endogenous antigens.

Question 9

The protozoan that causes malaria is an intracellular parasite of red blood cells (RBCs). An adaptive immune response to this parasite is problematic because

Accepted Answer

red blood cells do not produce MHC and, therefore, do not display the fact that they have been infected by presenting antigen.

Question 10

Which of the following statements concerning B cell receptors (BCRs) is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

They are formed in response to an encounter with an antigen.

Question 11

The antibody-binding site of an antibody is made up of

Accepted Answer

the variable regions of both light and heavy chains.

Question 12

A sick child may have influenza or RSV. The results are as follows: anti-influenza antibodies are primarily IgM, and anti-RSV antibodies are all IgG. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

Accepted Answer

The child currently has influenza and has previously been exposed to RSV.

Question 13

How is the development of autoimmunity normally prevented?

Accepted Answer

Clonal deletion of T cells and regulatory T cell suppression prevent autoreactive T cell activation.

Question 14

Which of the following is the result when a CTL interacts with a virally infected cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell undergoes apoptosis.

Question 15

Vaccination triggers an immune response which produces ________ immunity.

Accepted Answer

artificial active

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding phagocyte recognition of pathogens is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

TLRs in the phagocyte cytoplasmic membrane bind surface structures of microbes.

Question 17

The alternative pathway of complement cascade activation begins with ________ binding to the surface of a microbe.

Accepted Answer

$$C3b$$

Question 18

Which of the following substances contributes to the edema associated with inflammation?

Accepted Answer

both leukotrienes and histamine

Question 19

Protection from infection known as species resistance is a result of

Accepted Answer

the absence of receptors required for microbial attachment.

Question 20

What antibacterial chemical is present in tear fluid?

Accepted Answer

lysozyme

Immunology and Host Defense Mechanisms: Study Notes for Microbiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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