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Innate and Adaptive Immunity, Host-Microbe Interactions, and Biomedical Applications

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Introduction to Immunity

  • Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity
    05:52
  • Antigens & Antibodies
    02:58

Introduction to Innate Immunity

  • Introduction to Innate Immunity
    02:30
  • Map of Lesson on Innate Immunity
    06:42

Introduction to First-Line Defenses

  • Introduction to First-Line Defenses
    01:51
  • Map of the Lesson on First-Line Defenses
    01:35

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Mucous Membrane

  • Peristalsis & Mucociliary Escalator
    04:14
  • Mucous Membranes
    02:34

First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers

  • Chemical Defenses: Gastric Juice Prevents Microbial Growth by Lowering pH
    02:07
  • Chemical Defenses: Earwax Prevents Microbial Growth by Controlling pH
    02:18
  • Chemical Defenses: Sweat Glands Prevent Microbial Growth by Perspiration
    02:04

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin

  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    01:28
  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    03:58

Introduction to Cells of the Immune System

  • Introduction to Cells of the Immune System
    03:21
  • Map of the Lesson on Cells of the Immune System
    06:08
  • Hematopoiesis
    02:33

Cells of the Immune System: Granulocytes

  • Granulocytes
    03:32
  • Neutrophils
    05:26
  • Basophils
    03:23

Cells of the Immune System: Agranulocytes

  • Monocytes
    07:16
  • Introduction to Lymphocytes
    03:51
  • Agranulocytes
    03:43

Cell Communication: Cytokines

  • Cytokines
    02:58
  • Types of Cytokines
    06:08
  • Types of Interleukins
    02:14

Interferon Response

  • Interferon Response
    01:32
  • Steps of the Interferon Response
    09:59

Introduction to the Complement System

  • Map of the Lesson on the Complement System
    03:25
  • Introduction to the Complement System
    04:25
  • Proteins of the Complement System
    04:16

Activation Pathways of the Complement System

  • 2) Lectin Pathway
    03:04
  • 1) Alternative Pathway
    04:40
  • 3) Classical Pathway
    03:42

Effects of the Complement System

  • 1) Opsonization
    04:09
  • 2) Cell Lysis of Invading Microbes
    03:18
  • Effects of the Complement System
    01:32

Review of the Complement System

  • Review of the Complement System
    05:15

Introduction to Inflammation

  • Types of Inflammatory Responses
    02:52
  • Introduction to Inflammation
    01:38
  • Chronic Inflammation
    03:09

Steps of the Inflammatory Response

  • 2) Release of Inflammatory Mediators & Other Cytokines
    02:15
  • Damaging Effects of the Inflammatory Response
    02:10
  • 3) Vasodilation
    02:39

Fever

  • Fever
    03:57

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

  • Overview of Adaptive Immunity
    04:57
  • Primary vs. Secondary Lymphoid Organs
    04:58
  • Introduction to Adaptive Immunity
    05:47

Antigens

  • Free Antigens vs. Presented Antigens on APCs
    04:11
  • Antigens
    03:59

Introduction to T Lymphocytes

  • Cytotoxic T Cells vs. Helper T Cells
    05:58
  • T-Cell Receptors
    05:18
  • Naive T Cells Become Effector & Memory T Cells
    07:56

Functions of T Lymphocytes

  • Functions of Helper T Cells (TH):Activation of Macrophages
    05:18
  • Types of Helper T Cells (TH)
    03:19
  • Functions of Cytotoxic T Cells (Tc)
    06:21

Regulatory T Cells

  • Regulatory T Cells
    03:53

Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules

  • Classes of MHC Molecules
    07:17
  • Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
    02:31

Introduction to B Lymphocytes

  • B cell Receptors
    04:37
  • Naive B cells Become Effector (Plasma) Cells & Memory Cells
    04:23
  • Introduction to B Lymphocytes
    03:55

T Dependent & T Independent Antigens

  • B Cell Activation by T Dependent Antigens
    05:09
  • T Dependent & T Independent Antigens
    02:08
  • B Cell Activation by T Independent Antigens
    03:11

Antibodies

  • Antibody Structure
    05:40
  • Antibody Diversity
    02:34
  • Antibodies
    00:48

Classes of Antibodies

  • IgE
    02:45
  • IgA
    02:44
  • Classes of Antibodies
    04:43

Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen

  • Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen
    09:16

Clonal Selection

  • Clonal Selection
    06:43

Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity

  • Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity
    06:59

Review of Adaptive Immunity

  • Review of Adaptive Immunity
    09:20

Immunodeficiency Disorders

  • Secondary Immunodeficiencies
    02:41
  • Immunodeficiency Disorders Example 1
    02:05
  • Immunodeficiency Disorders
    03:13

Autoimmune Diseases

  • Examples of Autoimmune Diseases
    03:36
  • Autoimmune Diseases
    03:40
  • Factors Contributing to Autoimmune Diseases
    03:09

Introduction to Vaccines

  • History of Vaccines
    04:19
  • 2 Types of Vaccines
    02:03

Immunoassay: ELISA

  • Indirect ELISA
    02:50
  • Immunoassay: ELISA
    04:29
  • Direct ELISA (via "Sandwich" Method)
    03:56

Immunoassay: Western Blotting

  • Immunoassay: Western Blotting
    03:57

Biofilms

  • Quorum Sensing
    04:13
  • Steps of Biofilm Development
    04:32
  • Biofilms
    03:14

Bacterial Pathogenesis

  • Intro to Bacterial Pathogenesis
    02:35
  • 1) Exposure to Pathogen
    03:27
  • 3) Invasion into Host Tissues
    05:38

Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins

  • Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins
    03:40

Exotoxins Cause Damage to the Host

  • 1) A-B Toxins
    04:44
  • Types of Exotoxins
    03:30
  • 3) Superantigens
    03:59

Endotoxin Causes Damage to the Host

  • Endotoxin
    02:46
  • Lipid A Causes Septic Shock
    03:24

Exotoxins vs. Endotoxin Review

  • Exotoxins vs. Endotoxin Review
    07:22

Introduction to Avoiding Host Defense Mechanisms

  • Introduction to Avoiding Host Defense Mechanisms
    01:59

1) Hide Within Host Cells

  • Hide Within Host Cells
    01:50

2) Avoiding Phagocytosis

  • Pathogen Use Capsules & M Proteins to Avoid Opsonization
    05:25
  • Pathogens Avoid Encounter with Phagocytes
    05:13
  • Pathogens Use Fc Receptors to Prevent Opsonization
    03:48

3) Surviving Inside Phagocytic Cells

  • Surviving Inside Phagocytic Cells
    04:18

4) Avoiding Complement System

  • Avoiding Complement System
    04:53

5) Avoiding Antibodies

  • Bacteria Avoid Antibodies by Producing IgA Proteases
    02:59
  • Bacteria Avoid Immune System by Mimicking Host Molecules
    03:11
  • Intro to Avoiding Antibodies
    01:35

The Human Microbiome

  • The Human Microbiome
    03:25
  • Microbiome Promotes Immune Tolerance
    05:48
  • Microbiome Makes Nutrients & Aids in Host Digestion
    03:26

Disease Transmission

  • Disease Transmission
    01:24
  • Vertical vs. Horizontal Disease Transmission
    02:32