Question 1

Which of the following viral diseases is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route and can cause irreversible paralysis in severe cases?

Accepted Answer

Polio

Question 2

A patient presents with jaundice and is diagnosed with hepatitis. Which hepatitis virus is most likely to be transmitted through contaminated food and water?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis A

Question 3

Which of the following viruses is a DNA virus that can cause warts and is associated with the development of certain cancers?

Accepted Answer

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Question 4

A child develops a vesicular rash that starts on the trunk and spreads to the face and extremities. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox)

Question 5

Which of the following statements about HIV/AIDS is correct?

Accepted Answer

HIV infection can progress to AIDS, which is characterized by many opportunistic infections.

Question 6

Which vaccine is recommended yearly due to antigenic variation in the causative virus?

Accepted Answer

Influenza vaccine

Question 7

A patient is bitten by a wild animal and is at risk for a viral disease that causes encephalitis and neurologic symptoms. What is the most appropriate post-exposure intervention?

Accepted Answer

Administer the rabies vaccine immediately

Question 8

Which of the following viruses is enveloped, contains RNA, and is responsible for pandemics due to its ability to undergo antigenic shift and drift?

Accepted Answer

Influenza virus

Question 9

A patient presents with fever, cough, and severe respiratory distress. Laboratory tests confirm infection with an enveloped RNA virus. Which disease is most likely?

Accepted Answer

COVID-19

Question 10

Which of the following is a common complication of mumps infection?

Accepted Answer

Swelling of salivary glands

Question 11

Which virus is most likely to cause a maculopapular rash that starts on the face and spreads downward, and is highly contagious via respiratory droplets?

Accepted Answer

Measles virus

Question 12

A patient develops cold sores and genital lesions. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Question 13

Which of the following viruses is transmitted sexually and can lead to cervical cancer?

Accepted Answer

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Question 14

Which of the following is a unique feature of rabies infection?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytosis and neurologic signs

Question 15

A patient with HIV is at increased risk for which of the following during the AIDS stage?

Accepted Answer

Opportunistic infections

Question 16

Which of the following viruses is NOT transmitted by the fecal-oral route?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B virus

Question 17

Which of the following vaccines is a live attenuated vaccine used to prevent a disease that can cause irreversible paralysis?

Accepted Answer

Oral polio vaccine (OPV/Sabin)

Question 18

A patient develops shingles years after recovering from chickenpox. Which virus is responsible for both conditions?

Accepted Answer

Varicella-zoster virus

Question 19

Which of the following viruses is enveloped, contains RNA, and is transmitted mainly by droplets, but can also be spread by direct contact?

Accepted Answer

Measles virus

Question 20

Which of the following viruses uses reverse transcriptase to make DNA from RNA?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B virus

Major Viral Diseases: Agents, Transmission, Symptoms, and Vaccines

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