$\text{OIL: Oxidation Involves Loss; RIG: Reduction Involves Gain}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary goal of microbial metabolism?

Accepted Answer

To enable reproduction of the organism

Question 2

Which statement correctly distinguishes catabolic and anabolic pathways in microbial metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic pathways break larger molecules into smaller products, while anabolic pathways synthesize larger molecules from smaller ones.

Question 3

Which of the following is true regarding enzymes in microbial metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a chemical reaction.

Question 4

A competitive inhibitor affects an enzyme by:

Accepted Answer

Binding to the active site and blocking substrate access

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct representation of the oxidation and reduction mnemonic?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{OIL: Oxidation Involves Loss; RIG: Reduction Involves Gain}$

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of enzymes in microbial metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Being permanently altered after each reaction

Question 7

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$2$

Question 8

Which stage of glycolysis involves the splitting of a 6-carbon molecule into two 3-carbon molecules?

Accepted Answer

Lysis stage

Question 9

What are the final products of glycolysis for one molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$2$ pyruvate, $2$ NADH, $2$ ATP$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes feedback inhibition in enzymatic reactions?

Accepted Answer

The end-product binds to an allosteric site, shutting down the enzyme's activity.

Question 11

In the Krebs cycle, what is the main purpose of transferring energy to coenzymes NAD$^+$ and FAD?

Accepted Answer

To store energy for later use in the electron transport chain

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a product of the Krebs cycle for one molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$6$ CO_2$

Question 13

Which type of enzyme catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another?

Accepted Answer

Oxidoreductases

Question 14

A mutation causes an enzyme's active site to lose its complementarity to the substrate. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme will become inactive.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of ATP structure?

Accepted Answer

ATP consists of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups.

Question 16

Which of the following conditions can cause an enzyme to denature and become inactive?

Accepted Answer

Extreme temperature or pH

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a real-world application of microbial metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Plastic-eating bacteria used for waste management

Question 18

Which step in glycolysis requires the input of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate

Question 19

If a bacterium is exposed to a noncompetitive inhibitor, what is the most likely effect on its metabolic enzymes?

Accepted Answer

The inhibitor will bind to an allosteric site, changing the enzyme's shape and function.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis is considered a universal pathway in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

It is found in nearly all living cells and does not require oxygen.

Test 2 More Ch 5 SG

Study Guide - Practice Questions