Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between catabolism and anabolism in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Catabolism breaks down large molecules to release energy, while anabolism uses energy to build large molecules from smaller ones.

Question 2

A patient with a high fever is at risk for enzyme malfunction. Which of the following best explains why?

Accepted Answer

High temperatures can denature enzymes, disrupting their three-dimensional structure and rendering them inactive.

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct statement about ATP in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP is produced during catabolism and consumed during anabolism.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a coenzyme involved in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$NAD^{+}$$

Question 5

A scientist is studying an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. She adds a molecule that binds to the enzyme's active site, preventing the substrate from binding. What type of inhibition is this?

Accepted Answer

Competitive inhibition

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a ribozyme?

Accepted Answer

An RNA molecule that acts as a catalyst by binding to substrates and facilitating chemical reactions.

Question 7

During glycolysis, what is the net production of ATP and NADH per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$ ATP and $$2$$ NADH

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Intermediate stage → Krebs cycle → Electron transport system

Question 9

A bacterium is growing in an environment without oxygen. Which metabolic pathway will it use to generate ATP?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 10

Which of the following is a product of fermentation by Saccharomyces (yeast)?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the Krebs cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It produces NADH, $$FADH_2$$, and ATP.

Question 12

Where is the electron transport system located in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

In the plasma membrane

Question 13

How many ATP molecules are typically generated from one NADH and one $$FADH_2$$ during the electron transport system?

Accepted Answer

NADH: $$3$$ ATP, $$FADH_2$$: $$2$$ ATP

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct overall formula for aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a chemoheterotroph?

Accepted Answer

An organism that uses organic compounds as both an energy and carbon source.

Question 16

A patient is prescribed sulfanilamide to treat a bacterial infection. What is the mechanism of action of this drug?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a competitive inhibitor, binding to the active site of the enzyme and preventing PABA from binding.

Question 17

If the substrate concentration is increased in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, what is the expected effect on the reaction rate?

Accepted Answer

The reaction rate will increase up to a certain point and then plateau.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about fermentation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation produces less ATP than aerobic respiration.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of a cofactor in enzymatic activity?

Accepted Answer

A cofactor is an inorganic molecule that is required for enzyme activity.

Question 20

A mutation causes an enzyme to lose its ability to bind to its substrate, but the enzyme can still bind to a regulatory molecule at a different site. What type of inhibition is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Noncompetitive inhibition

Microbial Metabolism: Enzymes, Respiration, and Fermentation

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