Q: During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH molecules per molecule of glucose?

$$2 \text{ ATP}, 2 \text{ NADH}$$

Q: Which of the following is a correct summary of the energy yield from one molecule of NADH in the electron transport chain?

$$1 \text{ NADH} \rightarrow 3 \text{ ATP}$$

Question 1

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2 	ext{ ATP}, 2 	ext{ NADH}$$

Question 2

Which molecule is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$O_2$$

Question 3

What is the main purpose of the electron transport chain (ETC) in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient for ATP synthesis

Question 4

If a cell lacks oxygen but still needs to produce ATP, which metabolic pathway will it most likely use?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a product of the Krebs cycle per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$4 	ext{ ATP}$$

Question 6

What is the role of NAD$$^+ in $$cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

It acts as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during redox reactions

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the reduction of FAD to FADH$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{FAD} + 2\mathrm{H}^+ + 2e^- \rightarrow \mathrm{FADH}_2$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a chemoautotroph?

Accepted Answer

An organism that uses inorganic chemicals for energy and CO$$_2 as a $$carbon source

Question 9

In the absence of a final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain, what is the consequence for the cell?

Accepted Answer

NADH accumulates and glycolysis cannot continue

Question 10

Which process directly uses the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain to synthesize ATP?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct summary of the energy yield from one molecule of NADH in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	ext{ NADH} ightarrow 3 	ext{ ATP}$$

Question 12

Which metabolic pathway is responsible for converting glucose to pyruvic acid?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 13

Which of the following organisms is a photoautotroph?

Accepted Answer

Cyanobacteria

Question 14

What is the main function of fermentation in microbial metabolism?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD$$^+ so $$glycolysis can continue

Question 15

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of a mutation that disables ATP synthase in a bacterium?

Accepted Answer

The cell cannot produce ATP via chemiosmosis

Question 16

Which of the following statements about anaerobic respiration is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It uses a final electron acceptor other than oxygen

Question 17

A patient is diagnosed with lactic acidosis after intense exercise. Which metabolic pathway is most likely responsible for the accumulation of lactic acid?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between photoheterotrophs and chemoheterotrophs?

Accepted Answer

Photoheterotrophs use light for energy, chemoheterotrophs use chemicals for energy; both use organic compounds for carbon

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a phosphorylated intermediate

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of a product formed by microbial fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol in alcoholic beverages

Microbial Metabolism: Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and Energy Production

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