Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between catabolic and anabolic reactions in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic reactions release energy that is used to drive anabolic reactions.

Question 2

During cellular respiration, which carrier molecule is primarily responsible for transporting electrons to the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 3

Which of the following equations represents an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a property of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are consumed during the reaction.

Question 5

The protein portion of an enzyme that requires a non-protein cofactor is called:

Accepted Answer

Apoenzyme

Question 6

Which factor would most likely decrease the activity of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Raising the temperature above the enzyme's optimal range

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why injection of streptokinase does NOT cause a streptococcal infection?

Accepted Answer

Streptokinase is an enzyme, not a living organism, and cannot reproduce or cause infection.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP generation during glycolysis

Question 9

What is the end-product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 10

Why do some organisms use fermentation instead of respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation occurs when oxygen is unavailable for respiration.

Question 11

Which pathway is an alternative to glycolysis and is used when cells need to generate NADPH for biosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Pentose phosphate pathway

Question 12

Before fats can be used for energy production, they must be broken down into:

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 13

Deamination is a process that occurs before proteins can be used for energy. What does deamination involve?

Accepted Answer

Removal of the amino group from an amino acid

Question 14

If a cell has access to lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, in what order are they typically used for energy?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates first, then lipids, then proteins

Question 15

Which of the following is an important anabolic pathway that uses light as an energy source?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 16

What is the main difference between respiration and fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Respiration uses an electron transport chain and produces more ATP than fermentation.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes an amphibolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A pathway that can function in both catabolism and anabolism.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a type of enzyme inhibition?

Accepted Answer

Substrate inhibition

Question 19

Why is enzyme inhibition necessary in cells?

Accepted Answer

To regulate metabolic pathways and prevent overproduction of products.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of a substrate in an enzymatic reaction?

Accepted Answer

The molecule upon which the enzyme acts.

Microbial Metabolism: Study Guide and Key Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions